Ch. 10 Biology Vocab

Front 1

Process by which a cell divides into two new daughter cells

Back 1

Cell division

Front 2

Part of eukaryotic cell division during which the cell nucleus divides

Back 2

Mitosis

Front 3

Division of the cytoplasm during cell division

Back 3

Cytokinesis

Front 4

Area where the chromatids of a chromosome are attached

Back 4

Centromere

Front 5

Period of the cell cycle between cell divisions

Back 5

Interphase

Front 6

Series of events that cells go through as they grow and divide

Back 6

Cell cycle

Front 7

First and longest phase of mitosis, during which chromosomes become visible and the centrioles separate and take up positions on the opposite sides of the nucleus

Back 7

Prophase

Front 8

One of two tiny structures located in the cytoplasm

Back 8

Centriole

Front 9

Fanlike microtubule structure that helps seperate the chromosomes during mitosis

Back 9

Spindle

Front 10

Second phase of mitosis, during which the chromosomes line up across the center of the cell

Back 10

Metaphase

Front 11

One of two identical "sister" parts of a duplicated chromosome

Back 11

Chromatid

Front 12

Third phase of mitosis, during which the chromosome pairs seperate and move towards opposite poles

Back 12

Anaphase

Front 13

Fourth and final phase of mitosis during which the chromosomes begin to disperse into a tangle of dense material

Back 13

Telophase

Front 14

One of a family of closely related proteins that regulate the cell cycle in eukaryote cells

Back 14

Cyolin

Front 15

Disorder in which some of the body's own cells lose ability to control growth

Back 15

Cancer

Front 16

Term used to refer to chromosomes that each have a corresponding chromosome from the opposite-sex parent

Back 16

Homologous

Front 17

Term used to refer to a cell that contains both sets of homologous chromosomes

Back 17

Diploid

Front 18

Term used to refer to a cell that contains only a single set of chromosomes and therefore only a single set of genes

Back 18

Haploid

Front 19

Process by which the number of chromosomes per cell is cut in half through the seperation of homologous chromosomes in a diploid cell

Back 19

Meiosis

Front 20

Structure containing 4 chromatids that forms during meosis

Back 20

Tetrad

Front 21

Process in which homologous chromosomes exchange portions of their chromatids

Back 21

Crossing over