Ch. 1--Ch. 4 Psyc Of Prej

Front 1

attitude

Back 1

a general evaluation of some object. This evaluation usually falls along a good-bad or favorable-unfavorable continuum. (1)

Front 2

basic category

Back 2

categories into which people are prouped rahter automatically on perception. THese categories are: race, gender or age. (1)

Front 3

cultural stereotype

Back 3

consensually or widely shared beliefs about a group (1)

Front 4

discrimination

Back 4

negative behavior twds someone based on their membership in a group. (1)

Front 5

individual stereotype

Back 5

the beliefs held by an individual about the characteristics of a group. (1)

Front 6

ingroup

Back 6

any gp with which one affiliates oneself. Any group to which one belongs (1)

Front 7

minimal group

Back 7

groups formed on arbitrary or random criteria (random assignment) (1)

Front 8

motivation

Back 8

the impetus to do some behacior (or avoid doing some behavior) and to keep doing it, to meet ones goals. (1)

Front 9

outgroup

Back 9

any group with which on e dos not affiliate oneself. Any group to which one does not belong (1)

Front 10

prejudice

Back 10

a biased eval of a group, based on real or imagined characteristics of the group (1)

Front 11

realistic conflict therory

Back 11

states that prejudice and sterotyping arise from the competition between groups for scace, valued resources. (1)

Front 12

schema

Back 12

a hierarchically organized, cognitive structure that represents knowledge about a concept or type of stimulus, and its attributes and the relations between those attributes (1)

Front 13

stereotype

Back 13

a set of beliefs about the personal attributes of a group of people (1)

Front 14

subtyping

Back 14

process whereby a new category is created to accommodate stereotype-inconsistent menbers of a group about which one holds neg stereotypes. (1)

Front 15

contact hypthesis

Back 15

the prediction that intergroup prejudice will diminish (or be eliminated)when the two groups are brought into contact with one another (2)

Front 16

Illusory correlation

Back 16

the overstrimation of the associations between two variables that are either weakly or not related at all. (2)

Front 17

implicit theories

Back 17

our individual beliefs about the nature of personality, and the behaviors, attitudes and values associated with certain types of individuals. (2)

Front 18

Ingroup bias

Back 18

the tendenct to favor, and have postitive aggect for, members of ones own group, and to attribute mroe postive characteristics to ones ingrop than to outgroups. (2)

Front 19

minimal groups

Back 19

a group formed on the basis of some (sometimes trivial)criteria, and which is otherwise devoid of the normal aspects of group life, such as face to face interactions, group norms, interactions with other groups, and a group structure. (2)

Front 20

optimal distinctiveness theory

Back 20

a theory that suggests that our social motives are governed by an alternating tension between our need to be our own unique person, and our need to belong to groups. We are therefore motivated to find and affiliate with groups that cna help provide a balance between these opposing needs. (2)

Front 21

outgroup homogeneity

Back 21

the belief that members of outgroups are more similar to eacho other than are members of ones ingroups (they all look alike) (2)

Front 22

realistic conflict theory

Back 22

a theopry of intergroup conflict that states that when groups are competing for scarce resources, prejudice and hostility between the groups will result. (2)

Front 23

relative deprivation therory

Back 23

a theory that states that when groups perceive that they are at a disadvantage, relative to an outgroup, in their attainment of important groups goals, the group that feels disadvantages (or deprived) will feel prejudice and resentment toward the other group. (2)

Front 24

scapegoat theory

Back 24

a theory that postulates that when an individual becvomes thwarted from a particular goal, he or she may feel anger, irritation, or disappointment. that anger is similar to the neg affect we feel twds disliked outgroups, and eventually, the outgroup is blamed for the ingroups failure to attain their goals, and the ingoups feels prejudice twsa the outgroup. (2)

Front 25

social indentity theory

Back 25

a theory that states that the need for pos self-esteem motivates individuals to perceive people in the environment in terms of ingroups and outgroups, which suggests that people can get postive self-esteem either by their own accomplishments, or by affiliating with high-status groups. (2)

Front 26

subcategorization

Back 26

the tendenct to create a special, separate cognitive category for deviant (ex. sterotype-disconfirming) member of a sterotyped outgruop, so that the stereotype can remain intact. (2)

Front 27

superordinate goal

Back 27

a tast that, if it is to be completed successfully, requieres the cooperative efforts of two (or more) groups.

Front 28

attitude object

Back 28

any idea, object, place or person about which one forms an attitue (3)

Front 29

aversive racism

Back 29

type of racism whereby the individual believes he or she is nonprejudiced, but still harbors neg feelings about the outgroup. (3)

Front 30

chronic racial affect

Back 30

ones stable feeling twds a race outgroup. (3)

Front 31

dissociation model of prejudice

Back 31

Devine's model of prejudice, which states that there is no relationship between explicit (ie self-report) measures of prejudice (such as the modern Racism Scales) and the degree of implicit stereotyping in low-prejudiceded persons. Low- prejudicied persons are able to inhibit their stereotpic thoughts soon after such thoughts are activated, resulting in nmo correlation between explict measures of prejudice and measures of the automatic activation of stereotypes in low-prejudiceded persons. (3)

Front 32

eposodic racial affect

Back 32

ones affective reaction to a specific member of a race outgroup. (3)

Front 33

explicit memory

Back 33

conscious recollection of memories. All the episodic and general info that is in long-tem memory, and that is available for conscious recollection. (3)

Front 34

implicit memory

Back 34

an unintentional, nonconscious form of memory. Stimuli can be perceived w/o awareness, and this info can later influence thoughts, feelings, and behaviors. (3)

Front 35

implicit stereotyping

Back 35

the introspectively unidentified (ex. nonconscious) traces of past experiences that influence perceptions of outgroup members. Exposure to prior stereotype-relevant ifo below the level of awareness can later influence one's attitufes, feeling, and behavior twds the relevant outgorup. (3)

Front 36

incidental affect

Back 36

affect that arises in situations unrelated to the intergroup context. (3)

Front 37

integral affect

Back 37

affect that originates w/in the intergroup situation involving the sterotyped outgroup. This type of aaffect also can aise from merely thinking about the outgroup. (3)

Front 38

stereotype suppression

Back 38

the conscious effort to avoid thinking about stereotypes. results in stereotype rebound in some low-prejudiced persons. (3)

Front 39

subliminal

Back 39

perceptions of a stimulus w/out consciouis awareness of perceiving the stimulus. (3)