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17 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Define kinesiology.
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Kinesiology is the study of human motion, dealing mainly with the muscles and muscle functions.
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Explain the relationship between kinesiology and biomechanics.
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An analysis of the component parts of the words reveals kinesiology to mean literally the study of motion and biomechanics to mean the study of the mechanics of life. Kinesiology is, therefore, inclusive of the biomechanics of motion and the neural and cardiovascular elements of movement.
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List and explain the three types of muscular contractions.
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In a concentric contraction, the muscles shorten to produce movement.
In an eccentric contraction, the muscles lengthen (stretch) as it contracts. In an isometric contraction, you exhibit strength but there is no movement of the limbs. |
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Define “prime mover.”
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The agonist muscle, is the main muscle involved in a concentric contraction.
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Define “assistant mover.”
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An assistant mover usually plays a secondary role to the prime mover muscles involved.
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Explain the relationship between agonist and antagonist.
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An antagonist muscle has an action directly opposite that of the agonist.
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Explain stabilization muscles.
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Usually a stabilizer muscle is a muscle that steadies or holds a body part in place. It anchors the bone so that the prime mover has a firm base against which to contract, i.e., for the muscle to pull against.
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Explain synergy as it relates to muscles.
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Helping synergy: When two muscles contract together to create one movement. True synergy: When a muscle contracts to stop the secondary action of another muscle.
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List the four types of muscular movement.
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Sustained Force Movement, Ballistic Movement, Guided Movement, Dynamic Balance Movement.
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What is sustained force movement?
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Sustained force movement is movement in which there are continuous muscle contractions to keep moving a weight.
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What is ballistic movement?
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Ballistic movement is movement in which there is inertial movement after an explosive or quick, maximum-force contraction.
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What is guided movement?
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Guided movement is movement that occurs when both the agonist and the antagonist contract to control the movement.
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What is dynamic balance movement?
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Dynamic balance movements are movements in which there are constant agonist-antagonist muscle contractions to maintain a certain position or posture.
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List the three imaginary planes of motion used to organize human movement.
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The sagittal plane, frontal plane, and the transverse plane.
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What is the sagittal plane?
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The sagittal (anteroposterior) plane is a vertical plane passing through the body from front to back, dividing the body into left and right portions.
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What is the frontal plane?
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The frontal (coronal) plane is a vertical plane passing through the body from left to right, dividing it into front and back portions.
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What is the transverse plane?
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The transverse (horizontal) plane passes through the body in a line parallel to the ground, dividing the body into upper and lower portions.
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