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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is an autotroph?
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An organism that makes its own food.
Ex: plants |
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What is kinetic energy?
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The energy of motion.
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What is potential energy?
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stored energy due to an objects position or arrangement.
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What is a calorie?
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The amount of energy required to raise the temperature of 1 gram of water by 1 degree Celsius
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What is aerobic mean?
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Requires oxygen
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What is the Electron Transport Chain?
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A sequence of electron carrier molecules that transfer electrons and release energy during cellular respiration
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What is Glycolysis?
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The splitting in half of a glucose molecule and is the first stage of cellular respiration and fermentation
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What is the Krebs Cycle?
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A stage of cellular respiration that finishes the breakdown of pyruvic acid molecules to carbon dioxide, releasing energy.
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What is Fermentation?
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A cellular process of making ATP without oxygen
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What does anaerobic mean?
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No oxygen
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What is a thylakoid?
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Disk-shaped sac in the stroma of a chloroplast; the site of the light reactions of photosynthesis.
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What is a stroma?
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Thick fluid contained in the inner membrane of a chloroplast.
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What is the Calvin Cycle?
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A cycle in plants that makes sugar from carbon dioxide, Hydrogen ions, and high-energy electrons carried by NADPH.
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What is a photosystem?
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A cluster of chlorophyll and other molecules in a thylakoid.
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What is a pigment?
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A chemical compound that determines a substance's color.
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What is the carbon cycle?
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A process by which carbon moves from inorganic to organic compounds and back.
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What is the greenhouse effect?
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Process by which atmospheric gases trap heat close to Earth's surface and prevent it from escaping into space.
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What are light reactions?
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Chemical reactions that convert the sun's energy to chemical energy; take place in the membranes of thylakoids in the chloroplast.
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What is a wavelength?
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The distance between adjacent waves.
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What is the electromagnetic spectrum?
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a range of types of electomagnetic energy from gamma waves to radio waves
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What is a chloroplast?
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An organelle found in some plant cells and certain unicellular organisms where photosynthesis takes place.
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What is chlorophyll?
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The pigment the gives a chloroplast its green color and it uses light energy to split water molecules during photosynthesis.
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What is a cuticle?
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A waxy coating on the leaves and other aboveground part of plants that helps the plant retain water.
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What is the guard cell?
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Is one of a pair of cells that open and close the stoma of a plant by changing shape and allowing gas exchange with the surrounding air.
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What is the stomata?
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The microscopic pores in a leaf's surface.
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What is Photosynthesis?
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A process by which plants use the sun's energy to convert water and carbon dioxide into sugars.
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What is Cellular Respiration?
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A chemical process that uses oxygen to convert chemical energy stored in organic molecules into ATP (adenosine triphosphate).
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What is ATP (adenosine triphosphate)?
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The main energy source that cells use for most of their work.
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What is a heterotroph?
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Organisms that can't make their own food.
Ex: humans |
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What is thermal energy?
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Is the total amount of energy associated with the random movement of atoms and molecules in a sample of matter.
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