Cells And Organelles

Front 1

The Nucleus

Back 1

1) control centre of cell

2) tells the cell what to do

3) genetic info stored in nucleus in chromosomes (DNA)

4) DNA is stored by molecules strung together in long strands called chromosomes.

5) surronded by nuclear envelope

6) has a fluid called nucleoplasm

(contains chromatin)

Front 2

Chromatin

Back 2

1) long strand of DNA

2) DNA instruction manuel

3) stores genetic info

Hint 2

unravled part of chromosomes

Front 3

Nucleolus

Back 3

1) is a black shape where ribosomes are made

Front 4

Rough ER

Back 4

1) contains ribosommes

2) production of proteins

3) transport proteins using vesicles

4) after making polypeptide they keep some and send out the rest on vesicles

Front 5

Smooth ER

Back 5

1) no ribosomes

2) produces lipids , cholesterol and hormones

3) detoxification - breaks down toxins, carbohydrates and fatty acids.

4) dont make protein

Front 6

Golgi body

Back 6

1) receives vesicles and modifies proteins

2) adds lipids and carbs

3) protein folding and exportations

Front 7

Mitochhondria

Back 7

1) generates energy (ATP)

2) oxygen we breathe gets delivered to mitochondria- used durig cellular respiration to allow cells to make ATP

3) conains own DNA similar to bacteria

4) own ribosomes, own outer membrane, inner membrane, intermemebrane, mitochondria matrix

5) more energy and some type of cells= more mitochondria

Front 8

Lysosome

Back 8

1) contains digest enzymes

2) destroys pathogen (white blood cells)

3) "garbage disposal"

Front 9

Cytoplasm

Back 9

1) jelly like fluid

2) contains dissolve solutes

Front 10

Microtublus

Back 10

1) largest of the 3 fibres

2) made up of tubulin

3) structural support and transportation

Hint 10

THE CYTOSKELETON

Front 11

Microfilaments

Back 11

1) smallest of the 3 network fibres

2) made up of actin

3) elongation and contraction 9

(assist cellls to move)

Hint 11

THE CYTOSKELETON

Front 12

Centrioles

Back 12

1) active during cell division - form ~miotic spindlle

2) pulls apart chromosomes

Hint 12

THE CTYTOSKELETON

Front 13

Vacoule

Back 13

1) stores water and nutrients (only plants)

2) provides sructure support (only plants)

3) stores waste

Hint 13

PLANT CELL

Front 14

Chloroplast

Back 14

1) photosynthesis - production of glucose

2) contains green pigment called CHLROPHYLL

Hint 14

PLANT CELL

Front 15

Cell wall

Back 15

1) Found in plant cells only

protects plant cell

2 layers inner and outer layerouter layer is piable,strechy and thin

Hint 15

PLANT CELLS

Front 16

Cell membrane (nuclear memebrane)

Back 16

1) allows some thing to enter and some things to leave

2) contains protein channel

3) Some things enter with the help of protein transporters and protein pumps

Front 17

Prokaryotes

Back 17

- DOng have nucleus or other membrane bound organelle

- Dont have mitochondria

- 'BACTERIA"

Front 18

Eukaryotes

Back 18

- Make single and multi celllar organisms

-have mitochondria

-no bactaria

Front 19

Endomembrane system

Back 19

1) group of organelles that work together

2) MAIN FUNCTION - make and transport lipids (fats) , enzmes and protein

3)destroys toxins and recycles waste

Front 20

PLANTS

Back 20

1) dont have lysosomes innstead have one bi central vacoule

Front 21

Peroxisomes

Back 21

1) contain enzymes tha digest fatty acidds and amino acids

Front 22

DNA

Back 22

DNA - turns into RNA - goes to cytoplasm thhrough NUCLEAR PORES - ribosomes find it , takes it back to rough ER - turns it into polypeptide chains- some of those stay in the ER and the rest get taken to the golgi body to be given final touches then are carried to certain organelles.

Hint 22

DNA,RNA , ER,GOLGI BODY PROCESS

Front 23

Nucelar envelope

Back 23

nucleus is surronded by nuclear envelope

er is on the outside of it

proteins are in the bilayer to transport different molecules acrss memeberane

Front 24

plastids

Back 24

chloroplast; is a pigments found in plants causes pphotosynthesis

chromoplasts; contiains pigmants happens after chloroplast breaks down

amyloplast; no pigment, has storage called starch, i can be found in stems, tublers and seeds. cannot be seen without iodine dye.

Front 25

endosymbiosis theory

Back 25

states that mitochondria envolved from aerobic bacteria and beecme engulfed in cells hence that dna that is simmilar to bacteria