Cells And Homeostasis - Unit Review

Front 1

similarities of prokaryotic and prokaryotic cells

Back 1

both are bound by selective barrier

contain chromosomes

Front 2

differences of prokaryotic and Eukaryotic cells

Back 2

location of DNA: in center called nucleoid region in PRO cells

Presence of organelles: EU have membrane bound organelles

Size: Eu cells are much larger

Front 3

are all parts of a prokaryotic cell found in a prokaryotic cell ?

Back 3

yes

Front 4

what types of organisms are prokaryotic ?

Back 4

bacteria, archea

Front 5

similarities of animal and plant cells

Back 5

plasma membrane

mitochondria

nucleus and other bound organelles

Front 6

differences of animal and plant cells

Back 6

Animal: round and irregular shape

plant: chloroplast

plant: cell wall

Plant: large central vacuole

Front 7

what structures part of the endomembrane system ?

Back 7

nuclear envelope

ER

Golgi apparatus

lysosomes

vacuole

*are all physically connected through direct contact or transport vesicles

Front 8

differences between SER andRER

Back 8

SER: no bound ribosomes, makes (synthesizes) lipids, breaks sugars, detoxifies

RER: bound ribosomes, distributes transport vesicles, makes membranes

Front 9

what are transport vesicles

Back 9

vesicles transit from part of the cell to another

Front 10

what is the structure and function of the mitchondria

Back 10

"powerhouse"

cellular respiration

generates ATP

outer/inner membrane

chemical NRG conversion

Front 11

what is the structure and function of chloroplasts

Back 11

only in plant cells

photosynthesis

solar NRG conversion

green pigment called chlorophyll

Front 12

describe why the cell membrane is selectively permeable

Back 12

b/c it is a lipid bi layer that regulates what goes in and out

nutrients are let in and wastes are let out

Front 13

why is the membrane important for a cell?

Back 13

b/c it regulates what goes in and out

Front 14

what does a cholesterol do for membrane fluidity

Back 14

acts as a temperature buffer

restrains movement at warm temp

prevents movement at cold temps

Front 15

name 2 functions of membrane proteins

Back 15

transport: channel and carrier allow larger molecules to cross

enzymatic activity: protein built into the membrane may be an enzyme with it s active site exposed

Front 16

types of molecules that move easily through the bilayer

Back 16

oxygen, carbon dioxide

diffuse through spaces, they are small and nonpolar molecules

Front 17

review diagrams of hypo and hyper tonic solutions

Back 17

now my niqqa

Front 18

diffusion is a molecule moving from an area of___ concentration to and area of _____ concentration

Back 18

high

low

down concentration gradient

Front 19

review chart on diffusion and exocytosis

Back 19

now my niqqa

Front 20

what type of tonicity (solution) dos a plant cell survive well in ? why?

Back 20

hyptonic = turgid = vacuole swells and provides pressure against cell wall

Front 21

what type of tonicity (solution) dos a animal cell survive well in ?

Back 21

isotonic = no net movement = equal rates in/out

Front 22

why is turgor pressure not used in reference to animal cells ?

Back 22

animal cells do not cell walls thus cannot handle pressure

Front 23

what is a metabolism ?

Back 23

totality of an organisms chemical reactions emergent property of life that arises from interaction b/w molecules

Front 24

what is an enzyme ?

Back 24

protein

Front 25

what role does an enzyme play metabolism ?

Back 25

speed up metabolic reactions by lowering energy barriers (EA)

Front 26

what are hydrolitic enzymes ?

Back 26

any enzyme that catalyzes the breaking = hydrolysis of a bond

Front 27

what is activation energy ?

Back 27

energy needed to start a chemical reaction

Front 28

what effect does an enzyme have on activating energy ?

Back 28

lowers EA

Front 29

label enzyme diagream my niqqa

Back 29

yes my niqqa

Front 30

define homeostasis

Back 30

ability to maintain an internal stable state

Front 31

define thermo-regulation

Back 31

homeostatic mechanism that keeps body temp at 37 degrees

Front 32

define negative feedback

Back 32

homeostatic mechanism that brings systems back to set point, reversal of any charge

Front 33

see notes on homeostasis (thermoregulation, glucose regulation, osmoregualtion)

Back 33

remember

sensor

control

effector

Front 34

how to carry microscope ?

Back 34

2hands

1 on arm

1 on base

Front 35

what objective do you focus a specimen on ?

Back 35

lowest (4)

Front 36

how to make a wet mount ?

Back 36

dye/stain/coverslip