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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Chromosome |
Are the things that make organisms what they are. That carry out info used to help a cell grow, thrive , and reproduce. Chromosomes are made up of DNA. Segments of DNA in specific patterns are called genes. |
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Chromatid |
Each of the 2 threadlike strands into which a chromosome divides longitudinally during cell division. |
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centromere |
the point on a chromosome by which it is attached to a spindle fiber during cell division |
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Chromatian |
the Material of which the chromosomes of organisms other than bacteria are composed. |
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Sex Chromosome |
A chromosome involved with determining the sex of an organism, typically one of the two kinds. |
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autosome homologous |
there are 2 copies of each autosome in both females and males.
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Karyotype |
the number and visual appearance of the chromosome on the cell nuclei of an organism or species |
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diploid |
containing 2 complete sets of chromosomes, one from each person. |
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Haploid |
Having a single set of unpaired chromosomes |
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Binary Fussion |
Is the primary method of reproduction of prokaryotic organisms. |
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Mitosis |
A type of cell division that results in 2 daughter cells each having the same number and kind of chromosomes as the parent nucleus |
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Asexual reproduction |
Is a mode of reproduction by which offspring arise from a single organism, and inherit the genes of that parent only. |
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Meiosis |
a type of cell division that results in 4 daughter cells with half the number of chromosomes of the parent cell, as in the production fo gametes and plant spores. |
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gamete |
a mature haploid male or female germ cell that is able to unite with another of the opposite sex in sexual reproduction to form a zygote |
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Interphase |
The resting place between successive mitotic divisions of a cell |
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Cytokinesis |
The cytoplasmic division of a cell at the end of mitosis or meiosis |
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cell plate |
a plate that develops at the midpoint between the 2 groups of chromosomes in a dividing cell and that is involved in forming the wall between the 2 new daughter cells |
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crossing over |
the exchange of genes between homolougus chromosomes |
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genetic recombinationgeneti |
is the process by which 2 DNA molecules exchange genetic info, resulting in the production of a new combo of alleles |
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independant assortment |
formation of random combos of chromosomes in meiosis and of genes on different pairs of homolougus chromosomes |
