Cell Growth And Reproduction

Front 1

Cell division is what?

Back 1

Process by which a cell divides into two new cells

Front 2

Living things grow by

Back 2

Producing more cells not because each cell increases in size

Front 3

Repair of

Back 3

Damaged tissue

Front 4

If the cell gets too big it cannot get enough

Back 4

Nutrients into the cell and waste out of the cell

Front 5

The original cell is called the

Back 5

Parent cell

Front 6

The two new cells are called

Back 6

Daughter cells

Front 7

Before cell division occurs the cell replicates all of its DNA so each daughter cell gets

Back 7

Complete set of genetic information from parent cell

Front 8

Each daughter cell is exactly like the parents

Back 8

Same kind a number of chromosomes as the original cell

Front 9

Many organisms especially unicellular organisms reproduce by means of cell division called

Back 9

Asexual reproduction

Example bacteria

Front 10

DNA is located in the

Back 10

Nucleus and controls all cell activities including cell division

Front 11

Long and threadlike DNA in a non-dividing cell is called

Back 11

Chromatin

Front 12

Double coiled short DNA and a dividing cell is called

Back 12

Chromosomes

Front 13

DNA consist of what two parts

Back 13

Chromatid and centromere

Front 14

Two identical sister chromatids attached at an area in the middle are called

Back 14

Centromere

Front 15

One cell divides sister

Back 15

Chromatid separate and one ghost each new cell

Front 16

Why does DNA need to change chromatin to chromosome

Back 16

More efficient division

Front 17

Every organism has its own

Back 17

Specific number of chromosomes

Front 18

How many chromosomes do humans have

Back 18

46

Front 19

All somatic cells and organisms have the same

Back 19

Kind and number of chromosomes

Front 20

What does somatic mean

Back 20

Body

Front 21

The cell cycle is a

Back 21

Series of events selves go through as they grow and divide

Front 22

So gross prepares for division then

Back 22

Divides to form two daughter cells each of which then begins the cycle again

Front 23

Sell cycles have checkpoints which telesales when it is time to

Back 23

Divide

Front 24

The interphase is

Back 24

Is the period of cell growth and development

Front 25

What occurs during interphase

Back 25

DNA replication

Front 26

During interphase the cell also grows carries out

Back 26

Normal cell activities replicate all other organelles

Front 27

The cell spends most of its life cycle in

Back 27

Interphase

Front 28

Interphase is divided into what three phases

Back 28

G1 is cells increase in size and synthesize new proteins and organelles

S is synthesis of DNA or DNA replication

G2 is organelles and molecules required for cell division are produced

Front 29

What is mitosis

Back 29

The division of the nucleus into two nuclei each with the same number of chromosomes

Front 30

Mitosis occurs in

Back 30

All the somatic cells

Front 31

Why does mitosis occurs

Back 31

So each new daughter cell has a nucleus with the complete set of chromosomes

Front 32

What is PMAT

Back 32

P is Prophase

M is Metaphase

A is Anaphase

T is Telophase

Front 33

What is cytokinesis

Back 33

The division of the rest of the cell after the nucleus divides

Front 34

Animal cells the

Back 34

Cytoplasm pinches in

Front 35

Plant cells a

Back 35

Cell plate forms

Front 36

After mitosis and cytokinesis the cell returns to

Back 36

Interphase to continue to grow and perform regular cell activities

Front 37

When cells become old or damaged

Back 37

Die and are replaced with new cells

Front 38

DNA controls all cell activities including

Back 38

Cell division

Front 39

Some cells lose their ability to

Back 39

Control their rate of cell division the DNA of the cells become damaged or mutated

Front 40

These super dividing cells form

Back 40

Masses called tumors

Front 41

Benign tumors are

Back 41

Not cancerous the cells do not spread to other parts of the body

Front 42

Malignant tumors are

Back 42

Cancerous the cells break loose and can invade and destroy healthy tissues in other parts of the body this is also called metastasis

Front 43

What are the stages of cell cycle

Back 43

1. Interphase

2. Mitosis

P-nuclear envelope disappears chromosomes coil up

M-line up in the middle

A-chromosomes split go opposite sides and nuclear envelope reappears

T-the cell begins to split into

two

3.cytokinesis chromosomes back to chromatin division of the rest of the cell cytoplasm and organelles

Front 44

DNA is wrapped tightly around histones and coiled tightly to

Back 44

Form chromosomes

Front 45

DNA and RNA are examples of which type of biomolecule

Back 45

nucleic acid

Front 46

DNA is made up of repeating molecules called

Back 46

Nucleotides

Front 47

Nucleotide consists of three different

Back 47

Phosphate sugar and nitrogenous base

Front 48

DNAs structure is called

Back 48

A double helix

Front 49

The double helix structure was discovered by three

Back 49

Rosalind Franklin

Watson and Crick

Frederick Griffith

Hint 49

Apples are tasty and cookies are good

Front 50

What are the specific parents between the nitrogen bases

Back 50

Adenine with Thymine

Cytosine with Guanine

Front 51

DNA was made of two long strands of nucleotides arranged in a specific way called the

Back 51

Complementary rule

Front 52

What are the purines

Back 52

Adenine and guanine

Front 53

What are the pyrimidines

Back 53

Thymine and Cytosine

Front 54

Nitrogenous base is always connected to

Back 54

A phosphate and sugar deoxyribose

Front 55

Their amounts in a given DNA molecule will be

Back 55

About the same

Front 56

Complementary nitrogen bases pair up and connect via

Back 56

Hydrogen bonds