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191 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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How long do you have until to deploy your warning devices, if you have stopped on a road or shoulder? |
Ten Minutes |
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What is the minimum tread depth for front tires? |
4/32 of an inch |
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What is the maximum distance you can see with high beams in a dark area? |
500 feet
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What is the Gross Combination Weight? |
The weight of the vehicle, trailer, and cargo.
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What is your axle weight? |
The weight passed to the ground through one axle or one set of axles. |
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When selecting a place to park, what should be your priority? |
That you have a clear route to drive forward.
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What percentage of missing or broken leaves in any leaf spring will result in a vehicle being put out of service? |
25 percent. |
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What is the maximum height permissible for any vehicle on the highway? |
13 feet 6 inches |
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What is the maximum distance you can see with high beams in a dark area? |
300 Feet |
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What alters clearance height when going under an overpass/ |
New paving, packed snow on the ground, and the weight of load |
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What is the minimum amount of material required on brake shoes or pads? |
1/4 inch |
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How much free play is allowed in the steering wheel of a commercial motor vehicle? |
Anything less than 10 degrees of free play is acceptable |
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In a commercial vehicle suspension system, how many leaf springs may be missing? |
No more than 1/4 of the leaf springs can be missing |
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The following emergency equipment must be carried on all commercial motor vehicles: |
Fire extinguisher, spare electrical fuses (unless equipped with circuit breakers), and three red reflective warning triangles |
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After starting the engine, how long should it take for oil pressure to read within normal levels? |
Seconds |
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Air lines and electrical wiring should be secured against: |
Snagging, rubbing, wearing |
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What does a "pull up" refer to? |
When backing a trailer, drivers can pull forward to re-position the vehicle |
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When approaching a downgrade, when is the best time to downshift? |
Downshift before starting down the hill |
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How many seconds ahead should you look while driving? |
12-15 seconds |
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When putting out reflective triangles after parking on the side of the road, you should: |
Hold them between yourself and the oncoming traffic |
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Which of the following forms of driving communication should be used with caution so as not to startle another driver? |
Horn honking |
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On a two-lane road carrying traffic in both directions or on an undivided highway, where must the reflective warning devices be placed? |
Within 10 feet of the front or rear corners of the vehicle and 100 feet behind and ahead of the vehicle |
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f you must park on the side of the road where an obstruction is present, such as a hill or curve, where should a warning device be placed? |
A warning device should be placed beyond the obstruction if it is 100 to 500 feet from your vehicle |
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At 55mph, how far will you travel in the time it takes your foot to move from the accelerator to the brake pedal after perceiving a hazard? |
60 feet |
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At 55 mph on dry pavement with good brakes, it can take a heavy vehicle about 170 feet and about 4 1/2 seconds to stop. This describes: |
Braking distance |
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The average driver has a reaction time of: |
3/4 a second |
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At 55mph in dry conditions and with good brakes, what distance will it take for a heavy vehicle to come to a complete stop? |
290 feet |
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What definition best describes Reaction Distance? |
The distance traveled from the time your brain tells your foot to move from the accelerator until your foot is actually pushing the brake pedal |
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The distance your vehicle travels from the time your eyes see a hazard until your brain recognizes it? |
Perception distance |
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When you double your speed, how much will you increase your distance to stop? |
About four times as much distance is needed to stop |
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Which of the following best describes Braking Distance? |
The distance it takes to stop once the brakes are applied |
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What three things add up to stopping distance? |
Perception Distance, Reaction Distance, and Braking Distance |
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Why are roadways more slippery immediately after it begins to rain? |
Water mixes with oil left on the road by vehicles |
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What is hydroplaning? |
A loss of steering or braking control when a layer of water prevents direct contact between tires and the road surface |
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If the roadway surface is icy, how much should you reduce your speed? |
Reduce speed to a crawl and stop driving as soon as you can safely do so |
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How will wet roads affect your stopping distance? |
Wet roads can double stopping distance |
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What is Black Ice? |
A thin layer of ice that is clear enough that you can see the road underneath it |
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While on wet roads, how much should you reduce your speed? |
Reduce speed by about 1/3 |
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Which is the best way to check for icing conditions (choose the best answer)? |
Open the window and feel the front of the mirror, mirror support or antenna. If there is ice on them, the road surface is probably starting to ice up |
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When should high-beam headlights be used? |
Anytime when legally allowed to do so at night during clear conditions |
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When driving on packed snow, how much should you reduce your speed? |
Reduce speed by about 1/2 or more |
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How much space should you keep in front of you while driving? |
At least 1 second for each 10 feet of vehicle length at speeds below 40 mph. At speeds above 40, add an additional 1 second |
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If there are two left turn lanes, which lane should a tractor-trailer use? |
The right lane. |
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When making a right turn, you should: |
Remain in the right lane and as close to the curb as possible, swinging into the oncoming lanes if necessary to complete the turn |
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With low-beam headlights, approximately how far ahead can you see? |
250 Feet |
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At what distance should you dim your high-beam headlights for oncoming traffic? |
500 feet |
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When an approaching vehicle has bright headlights, you should: |
Look towards the right side of the road such as the right shoulder or curb |
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What is the required minimum tread depth on the rear tires? |
2/32-inch |
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How should a burning tire be cooled? |
Water
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During very hot weather, how often should you inspect your tires? |
Every 2 hours or 100 miles |
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As tires get hot, air pressure rises, increasing the likelihood of a tire blowout. When encountering a hot tire, you should never do the following: |
Let air out of the tire until the pressure returns to normal |
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What is a good way to determine which gear you should be in for a downhill grade? |
Use the same gear or lower gears than what was needed for the uphill grade |
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Many commercial vehicles are equipped with an engine brake to help slow down without applying the service brakes. When is the engine brake most effective? |
At high RPMs with the transmission in a low gear |
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A complete stop is required at a railroad crossing when: |
The nature of the cargo makes a stop mandatory under state or federal law |
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What is brake fade? |
When brakes heat up, you have to apply them harder and harder to get the same stopping power |
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What statement is true about speed limit signs on offramps and onramps? |
These are not safe speeds for large or heavy vehicles |
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What is Controlled Braking? |
Applying the brakes as hard as possible without locking the wheels |
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If you must swerve or turn quickly to avoid a hazard, you should: |
Avoid applying the brakes while you are turning |
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If an oncoming driver has drifted into your lane, what should you do? |
If at all possible, move to your right |
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If you leave the paved roadway and must return quickly to avoid a hazard, what is the best way to do so? |
Hold the wheel tightly and turn sharply enough to get right back on the road |
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What is an escape ramp? |
A traffic device that enables vehicles that are having braking problems to safely stop |
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What can you do to help prevent a truck fire when you stop in the middle of a trip? |
Check the tires, wheels and truck body for signs of heat whenever you stop during a trip |
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If you experience a cargo fire, you should: |
Keep the trailer doors closed |
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You should never use water on: |
A gasoline fire |
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If your vehicle starts on fire, which of the following should you avoid doing? |
Pull into a service station |
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If you experience an engine fire, you should: |
Keep the hood closed |
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During a pre-trip inspection, which of the following will help reduce the chances of a truck fire? |
Making sure tires are not under-inflated |
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What is the advantage to moving right instead of left when an oncoming vehicle veers into your lane? |
The oncoming vehicle may try to steer back into the correct lane at the last second If you're blocked on both sides of your vehicle, you will avoid forcing the vehicle on your left into oncoming traffic If a shoulder is present, it is unlikely anybody will be next to your right side |
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If you must leave the road to avoid a collision, you should do all of the following except: |
Brake as hard as you can to stop as quickly as possible |
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If an oncoming driver has drifted into your lane, what should you do? |
If at all possible, move to your right |
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If you leave the paved roadway and must return quickly to avoid a hazard, what is the best way to do so? |
Hold the wheel tightly and turn sharply enough to get right back on the road |
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What is Controlled Braking? |
Applying the brakes as hard as possible without locking the wheels |
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If you must swerve or turn quickly to avoid a hazard, you should: |
Avoid applying the brakes while you are turning |
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If you're driving a vehicle with hydraulic brakes and lose brake pressure, you should do all of the following except: |
Pump the brakes to try and regenerate hydraulic pressure Downshift to a lower gear to help slow the vehicle Use the parking brake to slow the vehicle down |
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All of the following are signs of tire failure : |
Heavy vibration or thumping indicates a tire may have gone flat A steering wheel feeling "heavy" indicates a possible tire problem A loud "bang" can indicate a tire blowout |
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What can happen if you don't have enough weight on the front axle? |
It can make the steering axle weight too light to steer safely |
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What accurately defines the term "tire load"? |
Maximum safe weight a tire can carry at a specified pressure |
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What is gross combination weight (GCW)? |
Total weight of a powered unit plus trailer(s) plus the cargo. |
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What accurately defines the term "tire load"? |
Maximum safe weight a tire can carry at a specified pressure |
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A truck with a higher center of gravity is: |
More likely to tip over during a turn |
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What is axle weight? |
Weight transmitted to the ground by one axle or one set of axles |
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What is gross combination weight rating (GCWR)? |
Maximum GCW specified by the manufacturer for a specific combination of vehicles plus its load |
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What does it mean to block cargo? |
Securing the front, back, or sides of a piece of cargo to keep it from sliding |
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During your pre-trip inspection, you must check the oil level and: |
Indicate where the dipstick is located |
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For belt driven engine components (water pump, alternator, air compressor, etc), how much free play is allowed at the center of each belt? |
3/4 inch of free play |
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When checking the coolant level during the pre-trip inspection, you should: |
Never remove the radiator cap if the engine is hot |
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What is the proper order for checking the clutch and gearshift? |
Depress the clutch, place gearshift lever in the neutral position, start the engine and release the clutch slowly |
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=When checking the mirrors and windshield, what should you look for? |
Clean and properly adjusted , No damage, No obstructions |
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Make sure windshield wipers are: |
Washer fluid operates correctly, Operate smoothly, Properly secured |
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During the pre-trip inspection, are you required to check that the heat, air conditioning, and defroster work properly? |
Only the heat and defroster |
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Do you need to test the horn during your pre-trip inspection? |
Yes, both the electric horn and the air horn must be shown to work properly |
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What happens if you forget to perform an air brake check on an air brake vehicle during the pre-trip inspection exam? |
You will receive an automatic failure |
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How much air loss can occur in a combination vehicle in 1 minute with the service brakes applied? |
No more than 4 psi |
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On a tractor-trailer combination vehicle, when will the tractor protection valve close (pop out)? |
About 45 psi |
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How much air loss is allowed in 1 minute on a combination vehicle with no brakes applied? |
No more than 3 psi |
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Clearance lights must be: |
Red on the rear, amber elsewhere |
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With a non-combination vehicle, how much air loss can occur in 1 minute with the service brake depressed? |
No more than 3 psi |
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How much air loss is allowed in 1 minute on a single vehicle without any brakes being applied? |
No more than 2 psi |
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On an air brake system, when should the low air warning activate? |
Before pressure drops below 60 psi |
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How should you perform a parking break check? |
Apply the parking brake only and make sure it will hold the vehicle by shifting into a low gear and gently pulling against the brake |
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What is the minimum amount of tread depth allowed on a steering axle? |
4/32-inch |
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When inspecting suspension components, you must: |
Check the components for every axle |
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What is the minimum amount of tread depth allowed on a drive axle or trailer axle? |
2/32-inch |
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What part does the following inspection refer to: All are present, free of cracks and distortions, and show no signs of looseness such as rust trails or shiny threads. |
Lug Nuts |
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When pulled by hand, how much should a brake rod move when the brakes are released? |
No more than 1 inch
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While inspecting the brake chamber, you should: |
Make sure it's properly mounted and secure , Check for air leaks ,Look for cracks and dents |
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What part requires that you check the connecting links, arms and rods from the steering box to the wheel are not worn or cracked? |
Steering linkage |
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Can rims have welding repairs? |
No, rims cannot have welding repairs |
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Axle Seals can also be called: |
Hub oil seals |
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When checking the fuel tank, make sure: |
The cap is tight. The tank is properly mounted and secure, There are no leaks from the tanks or the lines |
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Locking Jaws on a fifth wheel should be fully closed around what part of the trailer? |
Kingpin |
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How can you tell if there is a leak in your exhaust system? |
A loose fitting may cause a leak, There will be rust visible in a particular spot, There will be carbon soot collected into one area of the pipe |
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Which part has couplings (u-joints) that need to be checked: |
Drive Shaft |
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How much of a gap should be between the fifth wheel skid plate and the trailer? |
There should be no gap at all |
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The trailer landing gear should be: |
Fully raised |
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When checking trailer air and electrical connections, you should: |
Check that trailer air connectors are sealed and in good condition, Make sure glad hands are locked in place, free of damage or air leaks, Make sure the trailer electrical plug is firmly seated and locked in place |
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What best describes the "Heavy Vehicle Formula"? |
One second for each 10 feet of vehicle length at speeds below 40 mph adding 1 second for speeds over 40 mph. |
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Which type of vehicle is more likely to get stuck on a railroad-highway crossing? |
car carrier |
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Name two situations where legal maximum weights may not be safe to haul? |
During bad weather or in mountains. |
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How long does it take for a typical tractor trailer unit to clear a single rail road track? |
14 seconds |
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Name the two basic reasons for covering cargo on an open bed? |
To protect people from spilled cargo, and to protect the cargo from weather. |
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What should wheel-bearing seals be checked for? |
Leaks. |
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For what four things related to cargo are drivers responsible? |
Inspecting your cargo, recognizing overloads, properly secured cargo, cargo does not restrict emergency equipment. |
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How do you find out how many seconds of following distance space you have? |
Wait until the vehicle ahead passes a clear landmark, then count off the seconds until you reach the same spot. |
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What must you check before transporting a sealed load? |
The load is properly secured. |
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If stopped on a hill, how can you start moving without rolling back? |
Partly engage the clutch before you take your right foot off the brake. |
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Air brake systems combine three different systems. They are the service, parking, and the _______ brakes. |
Emergency. |
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. The brake system that applies and releases the brakes when the driver uses the brake pedal is the ________ system. |
Service. |
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The air compressor governor controls: |
When air is pumped into the tanks. |
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During normal driving, spring brakes are usually held back by: |
air pressure |
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The application pressure gauge shows how much air pressure you: |
Are applying to the brakes. |
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The supply pressure gauge shows how much pressure: |
Is in the air tanks. |
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All air brake equipped vehicles have: |
A supply pressure gauge. |
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The emergency brakes on a tractor trailer rig can only be held in position by something that cannot leak away, like: |
Spring pressure |
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The braking power of spring breaks: |
Depends on the service brakes being in adjustment. |
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In air brake vehicles, the parking brakes should be used: |
Any time the vehicle is parked. |
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The most common type of foundation brake found on heavy vehicles is the: |
S-cam drum |
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Parking or emergency brakes of trucks and buses can be legally held on by _____ pressure. |
Spring |
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Why should you drain the water from compressed air tanks? |
Water can freeze in cold weather and cause brake failure. |
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If your vehicle has an alcohol evaporator, every day during cold weather you should: |
Check and fill the alcohol level. |
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If you do not have automatic tank drains, how often should you drain the oil and water from the bottom of compressed air storage air tanks? |
At the end of each day of driving. |
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The brake pedal in an air brake system: |
Controls the air pressure applied to put on the brakes. |
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. If your vehicle has an alcohol evaporator, it is there to |
Reduce the risk of ice in air brake valves in cold weather. |
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Your vehicle has a dual air brake system. If a low air pressure warning comes on for the secondary system, you should: |
Bring the vehicle to a safe stop and continue only when the system is fixed. |
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If your truck or bus has dual parking control valves, you can use pressure from a separate tank to: |
Release the spring emergency/parking brakes to move a short distance. |
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Your truck or bus has a dual air brake system. If a low air pressure warning comes on for only one system, what should you do? |
Stop right away and safely park. Continue only after the system is fixed. |
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The driver must be able to see a low air pressure warning which comes on before pressure in the service air tanks falls below _____ psi. |
60 |
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To check the free play in manual slack adjusters on S-cam brakes, you should park on: |
Level ground, chock the wheels, and turn off the parking brakes. |
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The air loss rate for a straight truck or bus with the engine off and the brakes on should not be more than: |
3 psi in one minute |
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A stright truck or bus air brake system should not leak at a rate of more than ___ psi per minute with the engine off and the brakes released. |
2 |
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Air brake systems take more time than hydraulic brake systems because: |
Air takes more time to flow through the lines than hydraulic fluid. |
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If you must make an emergency stop, brake so you: |
Can steer and your vehicle stays in a straight line. |
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Total stopping distance for air brakes is longer than that for hydraulic brakes due to ______ distance. |
Brake lag. |
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You should know that your brakes are fading when: |
You have to push harder on the brake pedal to control your speed on a downgrade. |
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With air brake vehicles, the parking brakes should be used: |
Whenever you leave the vehicle unattended. |
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For emergency stab braking, you should: |
Press on the brake pedal as hard as you can, release the brakes when the wheels lock, and when the wheels start rolling put the brakes on fully again. |
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The most important thing to do when a low air pressure warning comes on is: |
Stop and safely park as soon as possible |
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What should be your main aim when joining an expressway? |
To join smoothly. |
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If you are driving toward a traffic light that has been green for a long amount of time, what should you do? |
Start to slow down and be ready to stop |
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When approaching a stopped bus, be particularly aware that...? |
Passengers may cross from behind/in front of it |
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When shifting down, what should you do after releasing the clutch for the first time? |
Press the accelerator |
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What's the most important thing to do when you turn on the engine for the first time? |
Listen for unusual noises |
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What's the best procedure for taking a curve? |
Slow to a safe speed for your vehicle to take the curve |
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You normally do controlled braking, but suddenly find you have to make a significant steering adjustment. What should you do? |
Release the brakes during your maneuver |
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What's the best way to make sure you know how to fit snow chains? |
Learn how before you need to. |
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What should you do if a tire blows out? |
Let the vehicle come to a stop in a straight line using as little brake as possible |
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What's the maximum amount of play your steering wheel should have? |
2 inches |
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What's the definition of a hazard? |
Something that could potentially cause damage to yourself or another road user |
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What's the most efficient way to monitor the back and sides of your vehicle? |
Using your mirrors |
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When making a turn, when should you cancel your turn signal? |
Once the rear end of your vehicle has cleared the turn |
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You are approaching a railroad crossing and you hear a train whistle in the distance. What should you do? |
Come to a stop before the crossing. |
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What's the best time to take a short, "stretch my legs," type break? |
Before you feel you need it. |
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Why should you keep any hazardous material shipping paper on view in the cab at all times? |
So emergency services can easily find it. |
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When faced with an emergency, you should…? |
Come to a stop if it is safe to do so. |
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Why should you always use a helper to back up your truck? |
Because every truck has blind spots. |
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When approaching a double railroad track, what should you be particularly aware of? |
There may be more then one train present. |
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What do retarders do? |
apply braking power to the drive wheels, reduce brake wear and tear, may cause your vehicle to skid more easily, |
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When crossing a junction, which of these is essential? |
That you have enough space on the other side to fully clear it. |
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What's the most common cause of skidding? |
Driving too fast for the road conditions |
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What is the punishment for using a commercial vehicle for a felony involving the transportation of controlled substances (drugs)? |
Lifetime disqualification |
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What is the safest place for the heaviest items in your load? |
As low down as possible. |
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In ABS systems _______ |
sensors detect potential wheel lock up. An electronic control unit (ECU) will then decrease brake pressure to avoid wheel lockup. |
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Why should you exercise special care when transporting dry bulk tanks? |
High center of gravity, load can shift |
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No matter how small the cargo you are transporting, it's a good idea to have at least ___ tie-downs holding it. |
2 |
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What is the minimum number of tiedowns for a 30-foot load? |
3 |
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What will cause a drive wheel spin?
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Rough acceleration |
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Where should the drivers hands be on the wheel? |
4:00 and 9:00 positions |
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How do you test a vehicle with hydraulic brakes for leaks?
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Pump the brake pedal 3 times and then apply firm pressure to the pedal for 5 seconds |
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What should you do when you are being tailgated?
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Open up room in front of you and increase your following distance.
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When should engine retarders be turned off? |
When the road is wet, icy, or snow covered |
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What is the purpose of an engine retarder? |
To help slow the vehicle reducing the need for brakes. |
