Cdl Sec 1 Introduction

Front 1

You must have a CDL to operate

Back 1

A single vehicle with a gross vehicle weight rating GVWR of more than 26,000 pounds.
A trailer with a GVWR of more than 10,000 pounds if the gross combination weight rating is more than 26,000 pounds.
A vehicle designed to transport more than 15 persons including the driver

Front 2

_________ is the most important reason you inspect your vehicle.

Back 2

safety

Front 3

Types of Vehicle Inspection

Back 3

pre-trip
during a trip
after trip inspection and report

Front 4

You need at least ______ inch tread depth in
every major groove on front tires. You need _____
inch on other tires.

Back 4

4/32 2/32

Front 5

Examples of Steering System Key Parts

Back 5

-Steering Arms/Wheels
-Steering Wheel Shaft
- Tie Rod
-Steering Gear Box
-Pitman Arm
-Drag Link
-Steering Ring Knuckle
-Spindle

Front 6

You must notify your employer within _____ days of conviction for any traffic violations (except parking).

Back 6

30

Front 7

If an offense occurs while you are operating a CMV that is placarded for hazardous materials, you will lose your CDL for at least ______ years.

Back 7

three

Front 8

You will lose your CDL for at least ____ year for a first
offense:
-drive a CMV under the influence of alcohol or a
controlled substance
-leave the scene of an accident involving a CMV
you were driving.
-use a CMV to commit a felony, etc.

Back 8

one

Front 9

You will lose your CDL:
-For at least _____ days if you have committed two serious traffic violations or one violation of a law that regulates the operation of a motor vehicle at a railroad grade crossing within a three-year period involving a CMV.

Back 9

60

Front 10

You will lose your CDL:
-For at least _____ days for three serious traffic violations or two violations of a law that regulates the operation of a motor vehicle at a railroad grade crossing within a three-year period.

Back 10

120

Front 11

“_________ ________ _________” are excessive speeding (15 mph or more above the posted limit), reckless driving, improper or erratic lane changes, following a vehicle too closely, traffic offenses committed in a CMV in connection with fatal traffic accidents, driving a CMV without a CDL, and driving a CMV without a CDL in possession.

Back 11

Serious traffic violations

Front 12

It is illegal to operate a CMV if your Blood Alcohol Concentration (BAC) is ____% or more.

Back 12

.04

Front 13

You will lose your CDL for one year for your first offense. You will lose it for ______ for your second offense.

Back 13

life

Front 14

If your blood alcohol concentration is less than 0.04% but you have any detectable amount, you will be put out-of service for ____ hours.

Back 14

24

Front 15

________ around wheel nuts may mean the nuts are
loose--check tightness.

Back 15

Rust

Front 16

How do you know if brake drums or shoes are bad?

Back 16

-Cracked drums.
-Shoes or pads with oil, grease, or brake fluid on them.
-Shoes worn dangerously thin, missing, or broken.

Front 17

The suspension system holds up the vehicle and its load. It keeps the ________ in place.

Back 17

axles

Front 18

Missing or broken leaves in any leaf spring. If ___________ or more are missing, it will put the vehicle “out of service” but any defect could be dangerous

Back 18

one-fourth

Front 19

-Hydraulic Shock Absorber
-Leaf Spring
-Front Axle Hanger
-Vehicle Frame
-Bearing Plates
-Spring Shackle
-Tourque Rod
-Main Spring
-Axle

Back 19

Key Suspension Parts

Front 20

-Frame reinforcement
-bracket
-height control valve
-upper bellows support
-shock absorber
-eye bolt
-control arm
-anchor plate
-axle, axle seat
-spacer
-lower bellows support

Back 20

Air Suspension Parts

Front 21

A broken ________ _________ can let poison fumes into the cab or sleeper berth.

Back 21

exhaust system

Front 22

You must make sure the truck is not overloaded and the cargo is ____________ and secured before each trip.

Back 22

balanced

Front 23

What things should you check during a trip?

Back 23

-Watch gauges for signs of trouble.
-Use your senses to check for problems (look, listen,
smell, feel).

Front 24

Name some suspension system defects.

Back 24

-Spring hangers that allow movement of axle from proper position.
-Cracked or broken spring hangers
-Leaking shock absorbers

Front 25

What three kinds of emergency equipment must you
have?

Back 25

-fire extinguisher
-spare electrical fuses
-Warning devices for parked vehicles (for example, three reflective warning triangles)

Front 26

Back 26

Front 27

Check that the parking brakes are on and/or wheels
___________.

Back 27

chocked

Front 28

Some things to check under the hood:

Back 28

Engine oil level.
Coolant level in radiator; condition of hoses.
Power steering fluid level
Windshield washer fluid level.
Battery fluid level, connections, and tie downs
Automatic transmission fluid level

Front 29

Start Engine and Inspect Inside the Cab

Back 29

-Make sure parking brake is on.
-Put gearshift in neutral (or “park,” if automatic).
-Start engine; listen for unusual noises

Front 30

Which gauges should you look at?

Back 30

-Oil pressure
-Ammeter and/or voltmeter.
-Coolant temperature.
-Engine oil temperature.
-Warning lights and buzzers

Front 31

Check all of the following for looseness, sticking, damage, or improper setting:

Back 31

Steering wheel.
Clutch.
Accelerator (“gas pedal”).
Brake controls.
-Foot brake.
-Trailer brake (if vehicle has one).
-Parking brake.
-Retarder controls (if vehicle has them).
Transmission controls.
Interaxle differential lock (if vehicle has one).
Horn(s).
Windshield wiper/washer.
Lights

Front 32

How do you check your lights?

Back 32

Make sure the parking brake is set, turn off the engine, and take the key with you. Turn on headlights (low beams) and four-way flashers, and get out.

Front 33

If the vehicle has hydraulic brakes, pump the brake pedal _______ times. Then apply firm pressure to the pedal and hold for five seconds. The pedal should not move. If it does, there may be a leak or other problem.

Back 33

three

Front 34

How do you test the parking brake?

Back 34

Fasten seat belt.
Allow vehicle to move forward slowly.
Apply parking brake.
If it doesn’t stop vehicle, it is faulty; get it fixed

Front 35

how do you Test Service Brake Stopping Action?

Back 35

Go about five miles per hour.
-Push brake pedal firmly.
-“Pulling” to one side or the other can mean brake trouble.
-Any unusual brake pedal “feel” or delayed stopping
action can mean trouble.

Front 36

Drivers of trucks and truck tractors when transporting cargo must inspect the securement of the cargo within the first ____ miles of a trip and every 150 miles or every three hours (whichever comes first) afterward.

Back 36

25

Front 37

Name some things you should check on the front of your vehicle during the walk-around inspection.

Back 37

-Go to front of vehicle and check that low beams are on and both of the four-way flashers are working.
-Push dimmer switch and check that high beams work.
-Turn off headlights and four-way, hazard warning flashers.
-Turn on parking, clearance, side-marker, and identification lights.
-Turn on right turn signal, and start walk-around inspection.

Front 38

What should wheel bearing seals be checked for?

Back 38

leakage

Front 39

How many red reflective triangles should you carry?

Back 39

3

Front 40

Why put the starter switch key in your pocket during the pre-trip inspection?

Back 40

someone might move the vehicle while you are checking underneath it.

Front 41

Safe operation of a commercial vehicle requires skill in:

Back 41

-Accelerating.
-Steering.
-Shifting gears.
-Braking.

Front 42

Partly engage the clutch _________ you take your right foot off the brake.

Back 42

before

Front 43

When pulling a trailer, rough acceleration can damage the __________.

Back 43

coupling

Front 44

If the drive wheels begin to spin, take your foot off the _____________.

Back 44

accelerator

Front 45

When you park, try to park so you will be able to pull
____________ when you leave.

Back 45

forward

Front 46

Why should you back toward the driver’s side?

Back 46

If you back and turn toward the driver’s side, you can watch the rear of your vehicle by looking out the side window

Front 47

What is a pull-up?

Back 47

when you pull forward to reposition your vehicle while backing up.

Front 48

If stopped on a hill, how can you start moving without
rolling back?

Back 48

Partly engage the clutch before you take your right foot off the brake. Put on the parking brake whenever necessary to keep from rolling back. Release the parking brake only when you have applied enough engine power to keep from rolling back.

Front 49

When backing, why is it important to use a helper?

Back 49

There are blind spots you can’t see.

Front 50

What’s the most important hand signal that you and the helper should agree on?

Back 50

Agree on a signal for “stop.”

Front 51

When backing a trailer, you turn the steering wheel in the _________ direction.

Back 51

opposite

Front 52

Most heavy vehicles with manual transmissions require _________ ___________ to change gears.

Back 52

double clutching

Front 53

Basic Method for Shifting Up

Back 53

1. Release accelerator, push in clutch and shift to neutral at the same time.
2. Release clutch.
3. Let engine and gears slow down to the rpm required for the next gear (this takes practice).
4. Push in clutch and shift to the higher gear at the same time.
5. Release clutch and press accelerator at the same time.

Front 54

There are two ways of knowing when to shift:

Back 54

-Use Engine Speed (rpm).
-Use Road Speed (mph)

Front 55

Some newer vehicles use “____________” shifting: the rpm at which you shift becomes higher as you move up in the gears.

Back 55

progressive

Front 56

Basic Procedures for Shifting Down

Back 56

1. Release accelerator, push in clutch, and shift to neutral at the same time.
2. Release clutch.
3. Press accelerator, increase engine and gear speed to the rpm required in the lower gear.
4. Push in clutch and shift to lower gear at the same time.
5. Release clutch and press accelerator at the same time.

Front 57

Downshift __________ starting down the hill

Back 57

before

Front 58

_______________ rear axles and auxiliary transmissions are used on many vehicles to provide extra gears.

Back 58

Multi-speed

Front 59

Some vehicles have ______________ transmissions.

Back 59

automatic

Front 60

The lower ranges prevent the transmission from shifting up beyond the selected gear unless the governor (rpm) is ___________.

Back 60

exceeded

Front 61

Some vehicles have “___________”.

Back 61

retarders.

Front 62

What do Retarders do?

Back 62

help slow a vehicle, reducing the need for using your brakes

Front 63

What are the two special conditions where you should
downshift?

Back 63

going downhill & on curves

Front 64

When should you downshift automatic transmissions?

Back 64

when going down grades

Front 65

When your drive wheels have poor traction, the
retarder may cause them to ______. Therefore, you should turn the retarder off whenever the road is wet, icy, or, snow covered.

Back 65

skid

Front 66

Most good drivers look _____ to _____ seconds ahead.

Back 66

12 to 15

Front 67

At highway speeds 12 to 15 seconds is about a _______ of a mile.

Back 67

quarter

Front 68

At lower speeds, 12 to 15 seconds is about ____ block.

Back 68

one

Front 69

three good rules for using turn signals

Back 69

-Signal early
-Signal continuously
-Cancel your signal.

Front 70

Warn other drivers in any of the following situations:

Back 70

-Trouble Ahead
-Tight Turns
-Stopping on the Road
-Driving Slowly
-Don’t Direct Traffic

Front 71

When you pull off the road and stop, be sure to turn on the ________ _________ ___________.

Back 71

four-way emergency flashers

Front 72

What’s your most important way to see the sides and
rear?

Back 72

mirrors

Front 73

What does “communicating” mean in safe driving?

Back 73

-Signal Your Intentions
-Communicating Your Presence

Front 74

Where should your reflectors be placed when stopped on a divided highway?

Back 74

10 feet, 100 feet, and 200 feet toward the approaching traffic

Front 75

What three things add up to total stopping distance?

Back 75

Perception Distance
+ Reaction Distance
+ Braking Distance

Front 76

If you go twice as fast, will your stopping distance
increase by twice or four times?

Back 76

four times

Front 77

Empty trucks have the best braking. True or False?

Back 77

False

Front 78

What is hydroplaning?

Back 78

It’s like water skiing: the tires lose their contact with the road and have little or no traction. You may not be able to steer or brake. You can regain control by releasing the accelerator and pushing in the clutch.

Front 79

What is “black ice?”

Back 79

a thin layer that is clear enough that you can see the road underneath it. It makes the road look wet.

Front 80

One good rule says you need at least one second for each ____ feet of vehicle length at speeds below 40 mph.

Back 80

10

Front 81

If you are driving a 30-foot vehicle at 55 mph, how many seconds of following distance should you allow?

Back 81

4 seconds

Front 82

You should decrease your following distance if somebody is following you too closely. True or False?

Back 82

False you should increase your following distance to avoid making sudden speed changes.

Front 83

If you swing wide to the left before turning right, another driver may try to pass you on the right. True or False?

Back 83

True

Front 84

You should use low beams whenever you can. True or
False?

Back 84

True

Front 85

What should you do before you drive if you are drowsy?

Back 85

get off the road and get some sleep.

Front 86

What effects can wet brakes cause? How can you avoid these problems?

Back 86

-Water in the brakes can cause the brakes to be weak, to apply unevenly, or to grab.
-Avoid driving through deep puddles or flowing water if possible.

Front 87

You should let air out of hot tires so the pressure goes
back to normal. True or False?

Back 87

False

Front 88

You can safely remove the radiator cap as long as the
engine isn’t overheated. True or False?

Back 88

true

Front 89

What factors determine your selection of a “safe” speed when going down a long, steep downgrade?

Back 89

-Total weight of the vehicle and cargo.
-Length of the grade.
-Steepness of the grade.
-Road conditions.
-Weather.

Front 90

Why should you be in the proper gear before starting
down a hill?

Back 90

You will not be able to shift into a lower gear. You may not even be able to get back into any gear and all
engine braking effect will be lost.

Front 91

Describe the proper braking technique when going down a long, steep downgrade

Back 91

1. Apply the brakes just hard enough to feel a definite slowdown.
2. When your speed has been reduced to approximately five mph below your “safe” speed, release the brakes. [This brake application should last for about three seconds.]
3. When your speed has increased to your “safe” speed, repeat steps 1 and 2.

Front 92

What is a hazard?

Back 92

any road condition or other road user (driver, bicyclist, pedestrian) that is a possible danger.

Front 93

Why make emergency plans when you see a hazard?

Back 93

Seeing this hazard gives you time to check your mirrors and signal a lane change. Being prepared reduces the danger.

Front 94

What are some things to do at an accident scene to prevent another accident?

Back 94

-Protect the area.
-Notify authorities.
-Care for the injured

Front 95

Name two causes of tire fires

Back 95

Under-inflated tires and duals that touch

Front 96

What kinds of fires is a B:C extinguisher good for?

Back 96

electrical fires and burning liquid

Front 97

When using your extinguisher, should you get as close as possible to the fire?

Back 97

no, stay as far away as possible

Front 98

Name some causes of vehicle fires

Back 98

-After Accidents
-Electrical System
-Fuel
-Cargo

Front 99

Common medicines for colds can make you sleepy. True or False?

Back 99

True

Front 100

What should you do if you do become sleepy while driving?

Back 100

Stop to sleep

Front 101

Coffee and a little fresh air will help a drinker sober up. True or False?

Back 101

false

Front 102

What is a hazardous materials placard?

Back 102

They are 10-3/4 inches square, turned upright on a point, in a diamond shape.

Front 103

Why are placards used?

Back 103

signs put on the outside of a vehicle which identify the hazard class of the cargo.

Front 104

For what three things related to cargo are drivers responsible?

Back 104

-Inspecting your cargo.
-Recognizing overloads and poorly balanced weight.
-Knowing if your cargo is properly secured

Front 105

How often must you stop while on the road to check your cargo?

Back 105

Every 3 hrs/150 miles

Front 106

How is GrossCombinationWeightRating different from
GrossCombinationWeight?

Back 106

-Gross Combination Weight (GCW). The total weight of a powered unit plus trailers plus the cargo.
-Gross Combination Weight Rating (GCWR). The maximum GCW specified by the manufacturer for a specific combination of vehicles plus its load.

Front 107

Name two situations where legal maximum weights may not be safe.

Back 107

During bad weather or in mountains

Front 108

What can happen if you don’t have enough weight on the front axle?

Back 108

Too little weight on the driving axles can cause poor traction

Front 109

What is the minimum number of tiedowns for any flatbed load?

Back 109

Cargo should have at least one tiedown for each 10 feet of cargo. No matter how small the cargo, it should have at least two tiedowns holding it.

Front 110

What is the minimum number of tiedowns for a 20 ft.
load?

Back 110

2

Front 111

Name the two basic reasons for covering cargo on an
open bed.

Back 111

(1) to protect people from spilled cargo, and (2) to protect the cargo from weather

Front 112

What must you check before transporting a sealed load?

Back 112

check that you don’t exceed gross weight and axle weight limits