Ccna 1 Chapter 1

Front 1

LAN

Back 1

Local Area Network

Front 2

NIC

Back 2

Network Interface Card

Front 3

DSL

Back 3

Digital Signal Line

Front 4

A connectoin to the Internet can be broken down into the following components:

Back 4

Physical connection
Logical connection
Applications

Front 5

Protocol

Back 5

Protocol is a formal description of a set of rules and conventions that govern how devices on a network communicate.

Front 6

TCP/IP

Back 6

TCP/IP is the primary protocol used on the Internet.

Front 7

Application

Back 7

Applications interpret the data and display the information in an understandable format.

Front 8

Web browser

Back 8

A web browser displays HTML as a web page.

Front 9

FTP

Back 9

File Transfer Protocol

Front 10

File Transfer Protocol

Back 10

File Transfer Protocol is used to download files and programs from the Internet.

Front 11

Transistor

Back 11

A transistor is a device that amplifies a signal or opens and closes a circuit. Mircoprocessors can have millions of transistors.

Front 12

Integrated circuit (IC)

Back 12

An integrated circuit is a device made of semiconductor material. It contains many transistors and performs a specific task.

Front 13

Resistor

Back 13

A resistor is a device that is made of material that opposes the flow of electric current.

Front 14

Capacitor

Back 14

A capacitor is an electronic component that stores energy in the form of an electrostatic field. It consists of two conducting metal plates separated by an insulating material.

Front 15

Connector

Back 15

A connector is a port or interface that a cable plug into. Examples include serial, parallel, USB, and disk drive interfaces.

Front 16

Light emitting diode (LED)

Back 16

A light emitting diode is a semiconductor device that emits light when a current passes through it. These are commonly used as indicator lights.

Front 17

Backplane

Back 17

a backplane is a large circuit board that contains sockets for expansion cards.

Front 18

Memory chips

Back 18

RAM chips on memory cards plug into the motherboard.

Front 19

Network interface card (NIC)

Back 19

A network interface card is an expansion board that provides a network communication connection to and from a PC.

Front 20

Video Card

Back 20

A video card is a board that plugs into a PC to give it display capabilities. Video cards typically include onboard microprocessors and additional memory to speed up and enhance graphics display.

Front 21

Sound Card

Back 21

A sound card is an expansion board that handles all sound functions.

Front 22

Parallel port

Back 22

A parallel port is an interface that can transfer more than 1 bit at a time. It connects external devices, such as printers.

Front 23

Serial port

Back 23

A serial port is an interface used for serial communication in which only 1 bit is transmitted at a time.

Front 24

Mouse port

Back 24

A mouse port is designed for connecting a mouse to a PC

Front 25

Keyboard port

Back 25

A keyboard port is designed to connect a keyboard to a PC.

Front 26

Power cord

Back 26

A power cord connects an electrical device to an electrical outlet to provide power to the device.

Front 27

Universal Serial Bus port (USB)

Back 27

A universal serial bus port interface lets peripheral devices such sa mice, modems, keyboards, scanners, and printers be plugged in and unplugged without resetting the system.

Front 28

Printed circuit board (PCB)

Back 28

A printed circuit board is a thin plate on which chips (integrated circuits) and other electronic components are placed.

Front 29

CD-ROM Drive

Back 29

A CD-ROM drive is an optical drive that can read information from a CD-ROM. THis can also be a CD-RW (compact disk read-write) drive or a DVD (digital video disk) drive or a combination of all three in one drive.

Front 30

Central processing unit (CPU)

Back 30

The central processing unit is the "brain" of the computer,where most of the calculations take place.

Front 31

Floppy disk drive

Back 31

The floppy disk drive is a device that can read and write to floppy disks.

Front 32

Hard disk drive

Back 32

A hard disk drive is a device that reads and writes data on a hard disk.

Front 33

Microprocessor

Back 33

A microprocessor is a silicon chip that contains a CPU.

Front 34

Motherboard

Back 34

A motherboard is the computer's main circuit board. The motherboard is crucial because it is the computer's nerve center.

Front 35

Bus

Back 35

A bus is a collection of circuits through which data is transmitted from one part of a computer to another. The bus connects al lthe internal ocmputer components to the CPU.

Front 36

ISA bus

Back 36

Industry-Standard Architecture bus

Front 37

PCI bus

Back 37

Peripheral component interconnect bus

Front 38

Random-access memory (RAM)

Back 38

Random-access memory is also known as read-write memory. RAM is the main working aread, or temporary storage, used by the CPU for most processing and operations. RAM requires electrical power to maintain data storage.

Front 39

Read-only memory (ROM)

Back 39

Read-only memory is a type of computer memory in which data has been prerecorded and can only be read. A version of ROM known as EEPROM (electronically erasable programmable read-only memory) can be written to. It is also called Flash memory or firmware.

Front 40

Expansion slot

Back 40

An expansion slot is an opening in a computer usually on the motherboard.

Front 41

System unit

Back 41

A system unit is the main component of the PC system. It includes the case, chassis, power supply, microprocessors, main memory, bus, expansion cards, disk drives, and ports.

Front 42

Power supply

Back 42

The power supply component supplies power to a computer by taking alternating current (AC) and converting it to 5 to 12 volts direct current (DC) to power the computer.

Front 43

Personal Computer Memory Card International Association card slots

Back 43

PCMCIA card slots are used in laptop computers.

Front 44

IRQ

Back 44

Interrupt Request

Front 45

Interrupt Request

Back 45

An Interrupt Request is a signal that informs the CPU that an event needing its attention has occurred.

Front 46

When selecting a NIC for a network, consider the following:

Back 46

Type of network
Type of medium
Type of system bus

Front 47

Modem

Back 47

A modem is an electronic device that is used for computer communications through telphone lines.

Front 48

PSTN

Back 48

Public Switched Telephone Network

Front 49

DMA

Back 49

Direct Memory Address

Front 50

Direct Memory Address

Back 50

DMA transfers data from RAM to a device without going through the CPU>

Front 51

DNS

Back 51

Domain Name System

Front 52

DHCP

Back 52

Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol

Front 53

PING

Back 53

Packet Internet Groper

Front 54

ICMP

Back 54

Internet Control Message Protocol

Front 55

HTML

Back 55

Hypertext Markup Language

Front 56

Hyperlinks

Back 56

Hyperlinks are computer-program commands that point to other HTML files on a web server or other places in the same documents, which provide shortcuts to other web pages and files.

Front 57

Troubleshooting Internet Connection Problems

Back 57

Step 1 Define the problem.
Step 2 Gather the facts.
Step 3 Consider the possibility.
Step 4 Create an action plan
Step 5 Implement the plan.
Step 6 Observe the results