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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is behaviour therapy? |
The attempt to apply data from behavioural science to the process of behaviour change for remediation and treatment. |
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Outline the basic assumptions of behaviour therapy. |
- Overt behaviour holds primacy. - Maladaptive behaviour is learned in the same way as adaptive behaviour. - Assessment and evaluation is key. - Treatment is active, directive, and collaborative. |
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Briefly describe counterconditioning. |
Therapy based on the principles of classical conditioning. Attempts to replace bad/unpleasant responses to a stimulus with pleasant/adaptive responses. Also known as reciprocal inhibition. |
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Counterconditioning techniques include... |
Systematic desensitisation. Assertiveness training. Stimulus control. |
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Describe the technique known as systematic desensitisation. |
Method that pairs relaxation with gradual exposure to adverse stimuli, beginning with least anxiety-provoking to most threatening. |
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Describe the technique known as assertiveness training. |
This method encourages an accurate expression of feelings in relationships, to inhibit passivity and aggression. Specific activities can include social skills training, refusal skills training, and communication skills training. |
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Describe the technique known as stimulus control. |
Avoiding problem stimuli and replacing it with a healthier alternative. E.g. smoking --> e-cigarettes. |
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Briefly describe contingency management. |
Therapy based on the principles of operant conditioning, in which environmental contingencies are controlled, and reinforcements and punishments are used to influence probabilities of maladaptive behaviour and new responses. |
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What is the foundation for modifying contingencies? |
Antecedent --> Behaviour --> Consequences (ABC). |
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Name the 6 steps of effective contingency management. |
1. State the problem. 2. Identify behavioural objectives. 3. Determine whether treatment is effective. 4. Conduct naturalistic observations. 5. Modify contingencies. 6. Monitor the results. |
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What are the limitations associated with behavioural therapy? |
1. It doesn't change feelings. 2. Doesn't deal with emotional processes. 3. Relationship between client and therapist is discounted. |
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What is Rational Emotive Therapy? |
Adds "D" and "E" to the ABC model. D = dispute beliefs and substitute with rational beliefs. E = evaluate effects of disputing irrational beliefs. Based on the notion that irrational beliefs lead to emotional and behavioural upset in the form of ego disturbance and discomfort disturbance. |
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What is "ego disturbance"? |
The perception that one's self is threatened. It leads to actively seeking acceptance from others and unassertive behaviour. |
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According to Beck, what are the 3 mechanisms responsible for depression? |
1. The negative cognitive triad. 2. Negative self-schemas. 3. Errors in logic. |
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What does a typical CT course involve? |
1. Assessment. 2. Psychoeducation. 3. Role of cognitions. 4. Identify beliefs (downward arrow technique). 5. Training in self-monitoring. 6. Evaluate and challenge beliefs. 7. Core beliefs and assumptions. 8. Behavioural strategies. 9. Relapse prevention and termination. |
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What are the strengths of CT? |
- Focuses on human thought. - Cognitive theories lend themselves to testing. - Many disorders display maladaptive thoughts. - Effective for depression and anxiety. |
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Explain the relationship between thoughts, feelings, and behaviours in the context of CBT. |
How people think and apply meaning to situations (i.e. beliefs) affect how people respond behaviourally and emotionally when they are stressed. CBT aims to break down each of these components by bringing awareness to a patient's thoughts and beliefs to create balanced cognitions, and exposing patients to their fears to promote helpful behavioural responses. |
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