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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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How many different a.a. in proteins? |
20 |
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Components of a.a. |
- amino group (NH2) - H atom - carboxyl group (COOH) - R side chain |
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How does protein create peptide bonds? |
Dehydration
COOH and NH2 bonds by dehydration |
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a.a -> ? -> ? |
a.a. -> peptide -> poly peptide |
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How does polypeptides run? |
protein goes from N terminal (NH2) to C terminal (COOH) |
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Primary structure |
linear a.a. chain |
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secondary structure |
created by H-bonds
- helix - pleat
proteins often have both in one chain |
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Tertiary structure |
interaction w/ side chains |
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Quarterary structure |
interaction between several chains/polypeptides
- e.g. hemoglobin |
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Nucleotide consists of? |
- pentose sugar - nitrogen-containing base - phosphate group |
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Nucleoside is? |
- pentose sugar - nitrogen-containing base |
those that can change |
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Which bases are the purines? |
A & G |
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General structure of a purine? |
The purine bases have a 9‐membered double‐ring system with four nitrogens and five carbons. |
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Which bases are the pyrimidines? |
C & T (& U) |
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General structure of a pyrimidine? |
The pyrimidine bases have a 6‐membered ring with two nitrogens and four carbons. |
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Nucleotide run from...? |
5' to 3' |
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Nucleotides are bounded by which bond? |
phosphodiester bond |
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Genetic code? |
the order of nucleic acids that can give order of the a.a. to create a protein
three bases for 1 a.a. - codon |
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Start codon is? |
AUG |
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Function on protein? |
- Catalytic (increase reaction speed) - Structural - Transport (transmembrane) - Movement - Regulation - Storage -Signalling - Receptors
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DNA?
RNA? |
DNA - deoxyribose sugar (pentose sugar) - stores info
RNA - ribose sugar (pentose supar) - transfers part of that info for action by the cell
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