Caring For The Elderly Client

Front 1

Non insulin dependent mellitus
(NIDDM)type II

Back 1

-more common in older than insulin dependent
-not enough insulin to meet Carbohydrate metabolism
-hyperglycemia, hypersmolar, non-ketotic coma
-uncurable, but can control with diet, wght, exercise, drugs (insulin shots)

Front 2

Review of systems

Back 2

-uncover symptoms associated with current health prob
-identify chronic conditions
-teach PT to manage over time

Front 3

Osteoporsis

Back 3

-bone mass decrease
-easily get fractures
-maintain safety
-prevention with calcium and Vitamen D

Front 4

Chronic conditions

Back 4

-6 months or more
-disrupt biological,socail + physical functions
-often not diagnosed until has a neg impact on PT
-goal is not to cure, but to make comfortable
-die respectfully

Front 5

Osteoarthritis/Degenerative Joint Disease (DJD)

Back 5

-most major chronic
-old age
-destruction of cartilage cause by over production
-Primary DJD is most common
-treat:control pain, NSAIDS

Front 6

The amount of chronic disease or health care prob an adult over 65 has

Back 6

at least 3

Front 7

Monitoring a client taking HTN meds

Back 7

prevention of a PT not taking HTN meds because no physical signs of illness and the side effects (constipation, drowsiness, cough, depression)

Front 8

Acute conditions

Back 8

-6 months or less
-develope rapidly
-can be caused by chronic prob
-more immediate/technologocal treatments
-goal is to cure

Front 9

PT with PVD are taught to perform these

Back 9

-elevate legs
-avoid tight clothes
-avoid extreme temps
-no cross legs
-cotton socks

Front 10

Chronic illness's found in older adults

Back 10

-Cardiovascular cond.(coronary hrt/artery disease, congestive hrt failure)
-Hypertension(HTN)
-Peripheral vascular disease (PVD)
-Neurological cond.(cerebral vascular accident/CVA, Parkinson's, Sensory loss)

Front 11

postural hypotension

Back 11

change in BP and HR after a change in position

Front 12

Macular degeneration

Back 12

loss of central vision
-can decrease with vitamen B and Zinc

Front 13

Hypertension (HTN)

Back 13

-BP over 160/90 is high at any age
-HTN increases with age
-Physiological changes: stiff aorta, change in kidney and endocrine system
-Teach PT to take meds and reinforce good health

Front 14

Transient Ischemia Attack (TIA)

Back 14

little stroke, can recover from, letting body know a big one is coming

Front 15

Coronary Hrt Disease (CHD) or Coronary Artery Disease (CAD)

Back 15

-hrt mucle not getting enough bld supply
-leading cause of death in US
-often, a MI is 1st sign of CHD or CAD
-controlled with surgery and meds

Front 16

Left-Hemisphere CVA

Back 16

-Rght side effected
-language prob
-physical functions
-frightened, cautious
-repeat behaviors

Front 17

ischemia/infarction

Back 17

lack of bld supply

Front 18

presbyopia

Back 18

eyeball changes shape resulting in farsightedness

Front 19

Congestive Hrt Failure (CHF)

Back 19

-bulid up of bld and fluid becuase of ineffective pumping of cardiac muscle
-causes: HTN,ishchemia,
arrhythmias,anemia
-goal is to reduce work load on the hrt
-nurse resp for: assessing edema, wieght, diet, BP changes with position

Front 20

CVA/strokes classification

Back 20

-type (embolism or hemorrhage)
-location of assult
-rate of developement
-brain hemisphere

Front 21

Peripheral vascular disease (PVD)

Back 21

-abnormalality of peripheral veins and arteries cause by aging and arteriosclerosis
-depletion of O2 and retention of waste products
-signs: hair loss on extremeties, skin ulcers, thin/dry skin, brown skin

Front 22

Glaucoma

Back 22

-major cause of blindness
-increase pressure in the eye, puts pressure on optic nerve causing loss of peripheral vision
-control with meds

Front 23

Parkinson's Disease

Back 23

-most in men
-mid 40's usually 60-80yrs
-chronic, progressive
-rigidity, unstable posture, and tremors
-Goal is to maintian functioning as long as can
-primary meds: Levodopa

Front 24

Cataracts

Back 24

clouding of lens of the eye, makes vision blurry and night driving difficult
-can be removed with surgery

Front 25

Right-Hemisphere CVA

Back 25

-lft side paralysis
-lft side wkness
-impairs, judgements, short attention span, easily ditracted, impulsive

Front 26

Sensory Loss

Back 26

-vision and hearing changes
-presbyopia, cataracts, glaucoma, macular degeneration

Front 27

Cerebral Vascular Accident (CVA)

Back 27

-stroke
-3rd leading cause of death
-risks:old age, HTN, diabetes, mellitus, TIA, hrt disease
-signs: numbness, weakness, tingles, headaches, LOC change, nausea/vomiting

Front 28

Chronic obstrucitive pulmonary disease (COPD) or " " Lung " (COLD)

Back 28

-cause by exposure to irratants(tobacco..)
-chronic bronchitis, asthma, emphysema
-4th leading cause of death
-signs:cough,SOB,barrel chest
-nurse care: prevent infections, adequete hydration