Cardiovascular

Front 1

Which arrhythmia occurs primarily with severe hypoxia secondary to the acute exacerbation of COPD?

Back 1

MAT

Front 2

What is the initial ekg abnormality in patients with torsades?

Back 2

Prolonged QT interval

Front 3

What are the common precipitating factors of torsades?

Back 3

usually acquired as opposed to congenital
drug induced (IA and IC antiarrhythmics, cyclic antidepressants, phenothiazines, organophosphates, antihistamines)

electrolyte abn esp hypoK and hypoMg

Front 4

What are the therapeutic considerations for patients with torsades

Back 4

1)d/c offending drug, correct electrolytes
2) overdrive pacing is the treatment of choice if acute suppressive therapy is needed
3) IV mg shortens QT interval and IV isoproterenol

Front 5

What is the best initial therapy for the unstable patient with rapid atrial fibrillation

Back 5

Cardioversion

Front 6

What is the best initial therapy for symptomatic patients (ie angina, dyspnea, syncope, lightheadedness) with HOCM?

Back 6

Beta blocker

Front 7

What is the absolute indication for endocarditis prophylaxis?

Back 7

MR

Front 8

What is the most important contraindication to thrombolytic therapy in the acute MI patient?

Back 8

Active GI bleeding

Front 9

What is the classic ekg finding an acute pericarditis ?

Back 9

Diffuse ST elevations, esp in the precordial leads, (PR segment depression too)

Front 10

How do u distinguish btwn VT and SVT with aberration?

Back 10

AV dissociation in VT

Front 11

How valuable is CXR in the diagnosis and management of the pt with CHF?

Back 11

typical CXR picture does occur prior to the appearance of physical findings. However, the CXR may be deceptive in the resolution phase, since clinical improvement usually occurs earlier than the XR suggests

Front 12

What is the one uncontested indication for digoxin?

Back 12

uncontrolled afib with concomitant CHF

Front 13

What is the most common cause of right sided CHF?

Back 13

Left sided CHF

Front 14

Which conditions are most likely to predispose patient to subacute bacterial endocarditis ?

Back 14

valvular heart dz and IVDA

Front 15

MC conduction disturbance in AMI?

Back 15

First degree AV block

Front 16

Most common etiology of infected endocarditis? what about IVDU?

Back 16

strept viridans
s aureus

Front 17

adult dose of epinephrine for the patient with anaphylaxis?

Back 17

1cc of a 1:10,000 solution IV

Front 18

MC rhythm disturbance seen with digitalis toxicity ?

Back 18

PVC's

Front 19

which drug should be avoided in the therapy of an idoventricular rhythm, because it may obliterate the pt's only functioning rhythm?

Back 19

Lidocaine

Front 20

tx of MAT to control ventricular rate?

Back 20

verapamil

Front 21

Common causes of sinus tachycardia?

Back 21

Anxiety, fever, drugs, hypovolemia, hyperthyroidism

Front 22

MC Ekg findings in digitalis toxicity

Back 22

PVCs (often bigeminal)

Front 23

can impedance plethysmography be used to dx SVC obstruction?

Back 23

No, only in the detection of lower extremity DVT

Front 24

A patient with the chief complaint of syncope has a systolic ejection murmur heard maximally either at the lower left sternal border or at the apex. EKG shows left ventricular hypertrophy. What is the suspected diagnosis?

Back 24

HOCM

Front 25

MC complications of thrombolytic therapy in patients with acute MI

Back 25

reperfusion arrhythmias

Front 26

Typical Ekg findings in an acute inferior wall MI

Back 26

ST elevation in II, III, avF
reciprocal ST segment depression in I, aVL, V1-4

Front 27

drug of choice for all hypertensive emergencycept eclampsia

Back 27

nitroprusside sodium

Front 28

With dx should be ruled out in any patient older than 50 who presents with abd pain, back pain, weakness or syncope?

Back 28

AAA

Front 29

MC EKG findings in cor pulmonale. Which specific therapy is the most hopeful for an acute exacerbation?

Back 29

Nonspecific ST and T Wave abnormalities
Inhaled albuterol

Front 30

What is an absolute contraindication to the administration of IV verapamil?

Back 30

Recently IV administration of propranolol

Front 31

Which drug is contraindicated in the treatment of VT caused by dig tox?

Back 31

bretylium

Front 32

MC adverse reaction to bretylium tosylate?

Back 32

Postural hypotension, leading to N/V

Front 33

Drug of choice for conversion of a narrow complex supraventricular tachycardia

Back 33

adenosine

Front 34

why are alcoholics prone to development of torsades and why is this important therapeutically?

Back 34

hypoMg --> QT prolongation
Lidocaine or procainamide may aggravate arrhythmia