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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what type of vasculitis is anti-inflammatory/immunosuppressive therapy good for?
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- appropriate for immune-mediated vasculitis
- harmful for infectious vasculitis |
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what disease has c-ANCA? what has p-ANCA?
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- c-ANCA = wegeners
- p-ANCA = microscopic polyangitis, churg-strauss |
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what is temporal (giant cell) arteritis? who does it present in (ie males vs females & age group)? What are the symptoms? what vessels does it affect? what does it look like histologically?
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- most common vasculitis
- F > M, >50 y/o - symptoms: headaches, scalp tenderness, jaw pain, visual loss, increased ESR - affects large vessels - inflammation of small & medium arteries of head/neck w/ destruction of internal & external elastic lamina |
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what is takayasu arteritis? who does it present in (ie males vs females & age group)? What are the symptoms? what vessels does it affect? what does it look like histologically?
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- F > M, <40 y/o
- involves aortic arch, large vessel disease - presents w/ ocular disturbances marked weakning of upper extremity pulses - histologically may be indistinguishable from temporal arteritis |
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what is polyarteritis nodosa (PAN)? who does it present in (ie males vs females & age group)? What are the symptoms? what vessels does it affect? what does it look like histologically?
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- M > F, young adults
- affects kidney heart, liver, GI tract --> SPARES LUNGS & SPLEEN, some pts might have hep B antigen - affects muscular arteries - presents w/ peripheral neuropathies, CNS symptoms - see lesions of all ages (acute & healing) w/ fibrinoid necrosis, neutrophils, lymphocytes, disruption of elastic lamina - treat with corticosteroids & cyclophosphamide |
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what is wegeners granulomatosis? who does it present in (ie males vs females & age group)? What are the symptoms? what vessels does it affect? what does it look like histologically?
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- M > F, 40s
- affects small arteries (to medium sizes) - pts have persistent renal disease, pneumonitis, chronic sinusitis, nasopharyngeal ulcerations, can be isolated to lungs - lesions are acute & chronic inflammatory cells - treat w/ cyclophosphamide |
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what is hypersensitivity vasculitis? who does it present in (ie males vs females & age group)? What are the symptoms? what vessels does it affect? what does it look like histologically?
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- leukocyclastic vasculitis/microscopic polyarteritis
- M=F - acute necrotizing inflammation of arterioles, capillaries, venues (smaller vessels than PAN) - all lesions at same stages (as opposed to PAN) - palpable purpura on skin, may involve mucus, lungs, brain, GI tract, kidneys, muscle, due to drug runs |
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what is churg-strauss syndrome (CSS)? who does it present in (ie males vs females & age group)? What are the symptoms? what vessels does it affect? what does it look like histologically?
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- M=F, middle aged individual
- usually presents w/ new or onset worsened asthma, nasal polyps, allergic rhinitis, multi systemic, hurts nerves, presents with lung disease, nose disease & skin disease (see skin nodules) - histology has eosinophils in blood - treat w/ prednisone |
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what is Henoch-Schonlein Purpura? who does it present in (ie males vs females & age group)? What are the symptoms? what vessels does it affect? what does it look like histologically?
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- children 3-8 y/o
- due to IgA affecting small vessels - purpic skin lesions, GI symptoms, non-migratory arthritis, renal symptoms |
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what is Buergers disease? who does it present in (ie males vs females & age group)? What are the symptoms? what vessels does it affect? what does it look like histologically?
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- M > F (b/c correlation w/ smoking), <35 y/o
- leads to gangrene of fingers & toes, abstinence from smoking in early stages often prevents further attacks --> need to stop smoking |
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what are 3 primary benign primary tumors?
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1) Cardiac myxoma
2) Papillary Fibroelastoma 3) Rhabdomyoma |
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what is more common primary or secondary tumors of the heart?
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- secondary 20-40x more common
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what is the most common benign primary tumor of the heart? where does it arise? what does it look like?
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- cardiac myxoma
- LA > RA - often on a stalk --> causes wrecking ball of the MV - cells are myxoid stroma, pauci cellular, spindle like |
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what is papillary fibroelastoma?
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- Benign asymptomatic
- Incidentally diagnosed - Very rare - Hair-like projections, usually located on valves |
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what is rhabdomyoma
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- Occurs in children, Discovered in 1st year of life
- Can cause valvular obstruction - Associated with tuberous sclerosis |
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what is the most common primary malignant neoplasm of the heart?
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- sarcomas
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