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aliphatic hydrocarbon

hydrocarbon consisting of a linear chain of carbon atoms

aromatic hydrocarbon

hydrocarbon consisting of closed rings of carbon atoms

enantiomers

molecules that share overall structure and bonding patterns, but differ in how the atoms are three dimensionally placed such that they are mirror images of each other
functional group
group of atoms that provides or imparts a specific function to a carbon skeleton

geometric isomer

isomer with similar bonding patterns differing in the placement of atoms alongside a double covalent bond

hydrocarbon

molecule that consists only of carbon and hydrogen
isomers
molecules that differ from one another even though they share the same chemical formula
organic molecule
any molecule containing carbon (except carbon dioxide)
structural isomers
molecules that share a chemical formula but differ in the placement of their chemical bonds

substituted hydrocarbon

hydrocarbon chain or ring containing an atom of another element in place of one of the backbone carbons