Ca Us History Grade 8 1St Semester Exam

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COMMITTE OF CORRESPONDENCE

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STARTED BY SAMUEL ADAMS. GROUPS IN VARIOUS TOWNS IN MASSACHUSETTS WROTE LETTERS REGARDING COLONIAL LIFE TO EACH OTHER

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The committees of correspondence were a body organized by the local governments of the Thirteen Colonies during the American Revolution for the purposes of coordinating written communication outside of the colony. These served an important role in the Revolution, disseminating the colonial interpretation of the war.

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BOSTON MASSACRE

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BRITISH SOLDIERS WERE SENT TO BOSTON IN RESPONSE TO THE COLONIST'S BOYCOTT OF ENGLISH GOODS. THE SOLDIERS COMPEATED FOR JOBS WITH THE DOCK WORKERS. TENSION LED TO A FIGHT IN FRONT OF THE CUSTOMS HOUSE. SOLDIERS KILLED 5 COLONISTS

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well-known dock worker Crispus Attucks was killed during the fighting.

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HESSIANS

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HIRED GERMAN SOLIDERS KING GEORGE SENT TO AMERICA TO FIGHT WITH THE BRITISH AGAINST THE COLONISTS

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NATHAN HALE

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CAPTURED AND HANGED AS AN AMERICAN SPY. HE SAID, "I REGRET THAT I HAVE BUT ONE LIFE TO GIVE FOR MY COUNTRY."

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BENEDICT ARNOLD

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FRENCH SOLIDER WHO FOUGHT WITH WASHINGTON. TRAINED AMERICANS HOW TO DRILL AND FIGHT. LATER WAS FOUND OUT TO BE SPYING FOR THE BRITISH.

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led unsuccessful attack on quebec

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GEORGE ROGERS CLARK

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LED THE WESTERN ATTACK AGAINST THE BRITISH. CAPTURED THE FORT AT VINCENNES

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CHARLES CORNWALLIS

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BRITISH GENERAL. FOUGHT AGAINST WASHINGTON AND ROCHAMBEAU IN YORKTOWN AND LOST. LAST MAJOR BATTLE OF THE REVOLUTION.

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LAFAYETTE

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H NOBLEMAN WHO SERVED IN WASHINGTON'S ARMY. GIVEN COMMAND OF AN ARMY DIVISION. SHARED HARDSHIPS, KNOWN AS THE SOLDIER'S FRIEND.

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TRENTON, NEW JERSEY

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12/25/1776 - WASHINGTONS' TROOPS CROSSED THE DELAWARE AND ATTACKED HESSIANS, KILLING OR CAPTURING 900. GOT NEEDED SUPPLIES.

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PATRIOTS

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THOSE LOYAL TO THE IDEA OF A FREE AMERICA

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LOYALIST

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THOSE LOYAL TO ENGLAND

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BUNKER HILL

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BLOODY FIGHT BETWE MILITIA AND BRITISH. BRITISH FINALY WON WITH GREAT LOSS OF LIFE.

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"COMMON SENSE"

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PAMPHLET WRITTEN BY THOMAS PAINE. MADE STRONG CASE FOR AMERICAN INDEPENDENCE.

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SARATOGA

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GROUP OF BATTLES THAT WERE SEEN AS A TURNIG POINT. PEOPLE BEGAN TO SEE AMERICA COULD WIN THE WAR. BATTLES LED TO BRITISH SURRENDERING. BENEDICT ARNOLD WAS WOUNDED.

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FORT KASKASKIA

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BRITISH POST IN THE WESTERN FRONTIER CAPTURED BY PATRICK HENRY CLARK WITHOUT A FIGHT.

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FORT SACKVILLE

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FORT CAPTURED BY GEORGE ROGERS CLARK FROM THE BRITISH. GAVE AMERICAN'S CONTROL OF THE REGION BETWEEN THE GREAT LAKES AND THE OHIO RIVER.

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FORT TICONDEROGA

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CAPTURED BY BRITISH GENERAL BURGOYNE. CALLED GENTLEMAN JOHNNY. HE TRAVELLED SLOWLYAND GAVE PARTIES ALLOWING AMERICANS TIME TO CUT DOWN TREES AND BLOCK HIS PATH.

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DECLARATION OF INDENPENDENCE

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THOMAS JEFFERSON WAS CHOSEN TO DRAFT IT. ADOPTED QUICKLY BY CONGRESS 7/4/1776. ALL MEN CREATEDEQUAL AND HAVE UNALIENABLE RIGHTS.

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BEN FRANKLIN

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PATRIOT, TYPE SETTER, INVENTOR. SIGNED DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE.

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THOMAS JEFFERSON

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COMPOSED DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE. GENTLEMAN FARMER FROM VA. ELECTED PRESIDENT IN 1800.

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ARTICLES OF CONFEDERATION

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1776 TH CONTINENTAL CONGRESS BEGAN TO DEVELOP A PLAN FOR HE NATIONALGOVERNMENT. GAVE FEW POWERS TO THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT WAGE WAR, MAKE PEACE, SIGN TREATES AND ISSUE MONEY. LEFT THE MOST IMPORTANT POWER TO THE STATES.

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LAND ORDINANCE OF 1785

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CALLED FOR SURVEYORS TO STAKE OUT SIX-MILE SQUARE LOTS, CALLED TOWNSHIPS IN THE WESTERN LANDS. THEY LATER BECAME THE NOTHWEST TERRITORY.

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THE NORTHWEST ORDINANCE OF 1787

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DESCRIBED HOW THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY WAS TO BE GOVERNED. WHEN 5,000 FREE MEN IN AN AREA WHO OWNED AT LEAST 50 ACRES, COULD ELECT AN ASSEMBLY. WHEN 60,000 MN COULD APPLY TO BECOME A STATE.

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SHAY'S REBELLION

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FARMERS IN MASS. ASKED FOR DEBT RELIEF BUT THE LEGISLATURE REFUSED. DANIEL SHAYS LEAD A GROUP OF MEN AGAINST A FEERAL ARSENAL. THEY WERE DEFEATED. GOVT. REALIZED THAT AN ARMD UPRISING COULD LEAD TO DANGER FOR THE NATION.

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WHISKEY REBELLION

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CONFLICT AROSE WITH FARMERS WHEN THE GOVT. PUT TAX ON WHISKEY. GRAIN WAS HARD TO GET TO MARKET. THEY WERE MORE EASILY CARRIED AS A LIQUID - SO FARMER MADE THERI OWN WHISKEY. THEY TRADED WHISKEY FOR GOODS AND RESISTED PAYING A TAX ON IT. REBELLION WAS PUT DOW BY THE GOVT.

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GEORGE WASHINGTON

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LEADER OF THE CONTINENTAL ARMY
1789 - BECOMES THE FIRST PRESIDENT OF THE US

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presided over the constitutional convention

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LOOSE CONSTRUCTION

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JUST BECAUSE SOMETHING ISN'T IN THE CONSTITUTION, DOESN'T MEAN YOU CAN'T DO IT.

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STRICT CONSTRUCTION

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STRICTLY FOLLOWING WHAT THE CONSTITUTION SAYS - CAN'T INTERPRET THE MEANING TO SUIT YOURSELF.

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HEADRIGHT SYSTEM

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STARTED AS A WAY TO ATTRACT LABOR TO THE COLONIES. A COLONIST WAS GIVEN MORE LAND FOR EACH INDENTURED SERVANT HE BROUGHT OVER.

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NAVAL STORES

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Any articles or commodities used by a naval ship or station, such as equipment, consumable supplies, clothing, petroleum, oils, and lubricants, medical supplies, and ammunition.

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EXCISE TAX

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AN INDIRECT TAX CHARGED ON A PARTICULAR GOOD. THE MERCHANT OR PRODUCER MUST PAY THE GOVERNMENT THE TAX, SO THEY PASS THE CHARGE ONTO THE BUYER.

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GEORGE WASHINGTON'S FAREWELL ADDRESS

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SERVED AS PRESIDENT FOR 8 YEARS.HE WARNED THAT POLITICAL DISAGREEMENTS COULD WEAKEN THE NATION. DESPITE THIS POLITICAL PARTIES FORMED. WARNED LEADERS TO STAY OUT OF OTHER NATION'S BUSINESS - STAY NEUTRAL.

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PROCLAMATION OF NEUTRALITY

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WHEN FRANCE (AMERICA'S ALLY DURING THE REVOLUTION) GEORGE WASHINGTON DECIDED TO STAY OUT OF THE LARGELY EUROPEAN WAR. THEY STAYED "NEUTRAL"

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MARBURY V. MADISON

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ONE OF ADAMS LAST ACTS AS PRESIDENT TO NAME MARBURY AS A JUSTICE OF THE PEACE FOR D.C. THEN NEXT PRESIDENT, MADISON, REFUSE TO HONOR IT. THEY WENT TO COURT AND MARBURY LOST. ESTABLISHED THE PRINCIPLE OF JUDICIARY REVIEW - THE SUPREME COURT HAS THE FINAL SAY IN INTERPRETING THE CONSTITUTION.

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LOUISIANA PURCHASE

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BOUGHT FROM FRANCE FOR $15 MILLION - 3 CENTS AN ACRE. DOUBLED THE SIZE OF AMERICA.

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ALIEN AND SEDITION ACTS

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4 LAWS PASSED IN ANTICIPATION OF WAR WITH FRANCE. INCREASED THE WAITING PERIOD TO BECOME A CITIZEN FROM 5 TO 14 YEARS, PRESIDENT POWER TO AREST UNLOYAL ALIENS, OR ORDER THEM OUT OF THE COUNTRY DURING WAR, OUTLAWED SAYING FALSE OR HARMFUL THINGS ABOUT THE GOVERNMENT. THIS CLAMPED DOWN ON THE FREEDOM OF THE PRESS.

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VIRGINIA AND KENTUCKY RESOLUTIONS

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THE DEMOCRATIC-REPUBLICANS FELT THIS WAS ILLEGAL. VA MADISON DECLARED THAT A STATE COULD PLACE ITSELF BETWEEN IT'S CITIZENS AND THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT. IN KENTUCKY, JEFFERSON PROPOSED NULLIFICATION - THE IDEA THAT A STATE COULD VOID A FEDERAL LAW WITHIN A STATE. THEY FELT THE ALIEN AND SEDITION ACTS VIOLATED THE CONSTITUTION. NOT SUPPORTED BY OTHER STATES. THE A&S ACTS WERE EVENTUALLY REPEALED OR EXPIRED.

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EMBARGO OF 1807

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ENGLAND DIDN'T LIKE AMERICA TRADING WITH IT'S ENEMIES. THEY SET UP A PARTIAL BLOCKADE TO PREVENT AM. FROMTRADING WITH FRANCE. THEY ALSO "IMPRESSED' AM. FOR THEIR SHIPS. RATHER THAN DECLARE WAR, PRES. JEFFERSON DICIDED ON AN EMBARGO. AMERICAN SHIPS WERE NO LONGER ALLOWED TO SAIL TO FOREIGN PORTS TO TRADE AND BRITISH SHIPS COULDN'T SAIL TO AMERICA. VERY HARMFUL TO AMERICA'S ECONOMY..

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CHESAPEAKE INCIDENT

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LED TO THE EMBARGO OF 1807. BRITISH SHIPS LEOPARD FIRED ON AMERICAN SHIP CHESAPEAKE, OFF THE COAST OF VA. 3 AM. DIED. INSTEAD OF WAR THE EMBARGO OF 1807 WAS ENACTED.

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SACAJAWEA

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INDIAN WOMAN WHO JOINED LEWIS AND CLARK ON THEIR EXPEDITION. SHE AND HER TRIBE HELPED THEM CROSS THE ROCKY MTS TO THE PACIFIC.

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LEWIS AND CLARK

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AFTER THE LOUISIANA PURCHASE THE AREA NEEDED TO BE EXPLORED. LEFT FROM ST LOUIS AND TRAVELED TO THE PACIFIC OCEAN. CLARK MADE DETAILED MAPS OF THE AREA. LEWIS KEPT JOURNALS.

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TECUMSEH

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CHEIFTAN OF THE SHAWNEE TRIBE WHO WORKED AGAINST WHITE EXPANSION INTO THE WEST IN THE EARLY 1800.

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IMPRESSMENT

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BRITISH SHIPS WOULD CAPTURE AMERICANS AND MAKE THEM WORK ON THERI SHIPS AGAINST THEIR WILL. THIS SUPPLIED THEM WITH WORKERS WHO DIDN'T HAVE TO BE PAID.

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TOWNSHEND ACTS

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LEGISLATION THAT PUT IMPORT DUTIES ON TEA, PAPR, PAINT AND GLASS TO SUPPLY ENGLAND WITH MONEY.

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SAMUEL ADAMS

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LEADER OF THE SONS OF LIBERTY WHO URGED REVOLUTION

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ETHAN ALLEN

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LEADER OF THE GREEN MOUNTAIN BOYS WHO CAPTURED FORT TICONDEROGA FROM THE BRITISH

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BICAMERAL

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TWO-HOUSE LEGISLATURE

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PHILADELPHIA

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LOCATION OF THE CONSTITUTIONAL CONVENTION

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FEDERALISTS

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ONE WHO SUPPORTED THE ADOPTION OF THE NEW CONSTITUTION

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ANTI-FEDERALIST

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ONE WHO OPPOSED THE ADOPTION OF THE NEW CONSTITUTION

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REPUBLIC

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A GOVERNMENT IN WHICH CITIZENS RULE THROUGH THEIR ELECTED REPRESENTATIVES

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FEDERALIST PAPERS

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ARTICLES PUBLISHED IN SUPPORT OF THE NEW CONSTITUTION

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ALEXANDER HAMILTON

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DELEGATE WHO FAVORED A STRONG CENTRAL GOVERNMENT WITH A PRESIDENT ELECTED FOR LIFE

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JAMES MADISON

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DELEGATE CONSIDERED TO BE THE FATHER OF THE CONSTITUTION