C&a Psychology

Front 1

Egocentrism

Back 1

The inability to see or understand things from someone else's perspective.

Front 2

Animism

Back 2

Giving human characters to inanimate or natural things.

Front 3

Conservation

Back 3

Based on centration-a tendency towards focusing on one aspect of a situation. Understanding that properties remain the same regardless of its appearance.

Front 4

Zone of Proximal Development

Back 4

The distance between a child's independent abilities and what they can do with help.

Front 5

Preoperational Stage

Back 5

Piaget's second stage of development, in which children ages 2-7 do not yet have logical thought, and instead think magically and egocentrically.

Front 6

Operations

Back 6

Mental actions that follow systemic, logical rules.

Front 7

Intuitive Thought

Back 7

According to Piaget, the beginning forms of logic developing during the pre operational stage.

Front 8

Transductive Reasoning

Back 8

Thought that connects one particular observation to another by creating casual links where none exist.

Front 9

Encoding Processes

Back 9

The transformation processes through which new information is stored in long-term memory.

Front 10

Scripts

Back 10

Memory for the way a common occurrence in one's life, such as grocery shopping, takes place.

Front 11

Working Memory

Back 11

The amount of information we can actively hold in our conscious mind at one time.

Front 12

Social Cognition

Back 12

The ways we use cognitive processes to understand our social world.

Front 13

Theory of Mind

Back 13

The ability to understand self and others as agents who act on the basis of their mental states.

Front 14

Mindblindness

Back 14

The inability to understand and theorize about other people's thoughts.

Front 15

False Belief Paradigm

Back 15

An experimental task used to assess a child' understanding that others may believe something the child knows to be untrue.

Front 16

Discovery Learning

Back 16

An approach to teaching that emphasizes allowing children t discover for themselves new information and understanding.

Front 17

Practice Play

Back 17

Performing a certain behavior repetitively for the mere pleasure of it.

Front 18

Symbolic Play

Back 18

Using symbolic representations and imagination for play.

Front 19

Games with Rules

Back 19

Making up rules for a game or plating games with preestablished rules.

Front 20

Constructive Play

Back 20

Building or making something for the purposes of play.

Front 21

Private Speech

Back 21

Talking to oneself, often out loud, to guide one's own actions.

Front 22

Telegraphic Speech

Back 22

A stage in language development in which children only use the words necessary to get their point across and omit small words that are not necessary.

Front 23

Egocentric Speech

Back 23

A limitation of young children's communication due to their inability to take the perspective of other people into account.

Front 24

Emergent Literacy

Back 24

The set of skills that develop before children begin formal reading instruction, which provide the foundation for later academic skills.

Front 25

Dialogic Reading

Back 25

A technique used to facilitate early literacy, which involves an adult and a child looking at a book together while the adult asks questions and encourages a dialogue, followed by switching roles so the child asks questions of the adult.

Front 26

Approximate Number System

Back 26

An intuitive sense of quantity that appears to be innate.