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17 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is leadership? and what does is create? |
process whereby an individual influences a group of individuals to achieve a common goal -Create a sense of vision or mission for the group, motivate others to join them in pursuit of that mission, create social architecture for followers to function, generate optimism and trust in followers, develop other leaders within the group, and achieve results |
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What are the functions of leaders? |
-To ensure that the demands of the organization are satisfied in that the group meets its goals and objectives -To ensure that the needs of the group members are satisfied |
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Choosing leaders What is a prescribed leader? and some examples. |
Appointed or determined by someone in authority EXs: In health clubs owners chose the managers and in schools principal chooses the teachers. In college, the athletic director commonly selects coaches. |
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What is an emergent leader? |
Develop from interactions within the group which can be more effective than prescribed leaders because they become because of their actions. They have respect and support of team or group members. Probably have special leadership skills, lots of experience or high ability in particular sport or exercise. Ex: Work ethic as a freshman, therefore, turned into a leader. |
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Studying leadership What is the trait approach? and some examples? |
Who they are. Either got the characteristics or don't in order to be a leader. No specific traits make all leaders successful, leaders have a variety of personality traits. EXs: Intelligence, Assertiveness, Indepence, and self-confidence. |
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What is the behavioral approach? |
What they do. Argues that leaders are made, not born. Anyone can become a leader simply by learning the behaviors of other effective leaders. |
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What is the situational approach? and an example |
Effective leadership depends more on the characteristics of the situation than on the traits and behaviors of the leaders in those situations The case of a man who can be confident around women in the workplace. However when he enters a city centre bar his confidence may drain away based on previous situational experience and he becomes incapable of conversation with members of the opposite gender. |
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What is the interactional approach? example |
The combination of both who they are and what they do. Trait and behavior approaches emphasize personal factors at the expense of considering the interaction between people and their situational constraints. Ex: Collegiate athletes who were high in somatic trait anxiety and high in self-determined motivation preferred coaches who were democratic in their leadership style and who provided high amounts of training. In contrast, athletes who were motivated preferred coaches who were autocratic in their leadership style and provided greater amounts of punishment-oriented feedback. |
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What is cognitive-mediation model of leadership? |
The effects of coaches' behaviors are a function of the coaches' personal characteristics, which are mediated by both situational factors and the meaning the athletes attribute to those coaching behaviors. Players perceptions of coach behaviors mediate the effect of coach behaviors on player responses. Coach behavior----athlete perception of coach behavior---Athlete evaluative response -If you respect a coach then perceive what he tells me in a positive way. However, you may feel the coach doesn't respect you but it may not be the truth you just interpret it in a certain way. *Process is affected by players attitudes toward their coaches and sport experience are affeced by their perception and recall of the coaches' behaviors. |
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What is the multidimensional model of sport leadership |
Match what's needed for the task or relationship determines whether you have success or not Example: Guy prefers an autocratic leader where a female prefers a democratic leadership style because they like to be heard. These matched then will have success. |
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Antecedents of Leadership Psychological characteristics |
-Athletes with internal locus of control preferred training and instructional behavior -Females high in trait anxiety preferred more positive and social supportive behaviors |
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Consequences of leadership Cohesion |
-High in training and instruction, positive feedback behaviors, and democratic, social support and low in autocratic behavior were more cohesive -Exercise leaders with more task-related behaviors and providing task-specific reinforcement were linked with more cohesive groups. **Giving positive feedback for a task you did rather than relationship orientation |
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Intrinsic Motivation |
Coaches using more autocratic styles had athletes with lower levels of intrinsic motivation and perceived competence than coaches using more democratic leadership styles Coaching style influences intrinsic motivation and perceived competence, which may influence athletes' degree of persistence in sport |
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1st component of effective leadership |
Leaders qualities -Integrity -Flexibility -Loyalty -Confidence -Accountability -Candor -Preparedness -Resourcefulness -Self-discipline -Patience |
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2nd component of effective leadership |
Leadership Styles -Autocratic (the coach solves the problem herself using the information available at the time) -Autocratic Consultive (the coach obtains the necessary information from relevant players and then comes to a decision) -Consultive Individual (the coach consults the players individually and then makes a decision. The decision may or may not reflect the player's input) -Consultive group (the coach consults the players as a group and then makes a decision. The decision may or may not reflect the player's' input) -Group (the coach shares the problem with the players; then the players jointly make the decision without any influence from the coach) |
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3rd component of effective leadership |
Situation factors -Team vs individual sport (team sports usually prefer more autocratic leaders than do individual sports athletes) -Interactive vs coactive sport (basketball vs bowling or golf; interactive team athletes prefer more task oriented leaders than do coactive team athletes) -size of team ( as group size increases, it becomes more difficult to effectively use a democratic leadership style) -time available (When little time is available, a task-oriented leader is more desirable) -team history (does the group have a tradition with one style of leadership will typically have difficulty changing to another style of leadership) |
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4th component of effective leadership |
Followers qualitites The need for the characteristics and styles of leaders and participants to mesh shows how important the interactional process is to effective leadership. Their preference- by gender, experience, culture, ability level, and personality EX: older and more experienced athletes usually prefer a more autocratic coaching style whereas female athletes prefer a democratic |
