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175 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Beta-hemolytic respiratory tract organism
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Group A Strep – Streptococcus pyogenes
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Bacterial meningitis, < 2 months
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Group B Strep(agalactiae), E. Coli
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Bacterial meningitis, young children
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H. Influenzae (vaccine), Non-polio Enterococcus
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Bacterial meningitis, teenagers
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Pneumococcus, N. meningiditis
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Optichin sensitive
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Streptococcus pneumoiae
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Acute Otitis Media
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Pneumococcus, H. influenzae
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Hemin and NAD for growth
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H. influenzae, type B (encapsulated)
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Painless genital lesion
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Syphilis (chancre)
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Painful genital lesion
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Herpes, chancroid
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Giant Cell Pneumonia
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Measles in an immunocompromised – no rash
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Non-itchy Rash
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Measles, Dengue
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Granulomatous infection
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Mycobacterium tuberculae
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mecA gene
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MRSA
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Chocolate agar
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Neisseria
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Neisseria oxidizing maltose
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Meningiditis
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Thayer – Martin Media
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Neisseria gonorrheae
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No peptidoglycan layer
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Chlamydia trachomatis
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Catalase Test
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+ = staphylococcus, - = streptococcus
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Bacitracin Test
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+ = Strep. Pyogenes, - = Strep. Agalactiae
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Coagulase Test
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+ = Staph. Aureus, - = epidermidis
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Sweet odor on culture medium
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Pseudomonas aeruginosa
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Swimmer’s Ear
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Pseudomonas aeruginosa
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CF patients
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Pseudomonas aeruginosa
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Antibiotic associated diarrhea
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Clostridium dificile
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Spastic Paralysis
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Clostridium tetani
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Flaccid Paralysis
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Clostridium botulinum
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Honey to infants
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Botulism
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Bull Neck
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Cornybacterium diphtheria
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Grey pharynx
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Cornybacterium diphtheria
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Armadillo reservoir
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Mycobacterium leprae
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Sorbitol agar
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E. Coli
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Pseudomembranous colitis
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Clostridium dificile
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Subacute sclerosing paraencephalitis (SSPE)
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Measles
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Orchitis / oophoritis
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Mumps
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Gut abscesses
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Bacteroides fragilis
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Bacteria growth 42 degrees C
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Campylobacter jejuni
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Raw Burgers
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E. Coli
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Poultry, reptiles
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Salmonella (motile) – shigella is non motile
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Rusty sputum
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Pneumococcus
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Reheated rice
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Bacilis cereus
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Indwelling prosthetic infection
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Staphylococcus epidermidis
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UTI post surgery
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Enterococcus
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Strawberry Tongue
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GAS complication
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Prairie Dogs
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Plague, Yersinia Pestis
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Vancomycin is bad to treat…
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Gram-negative organisms
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Best source of human infection
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Other humans!
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Resistance from decreased entry – mech.
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Porin mutations
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Resistance via altered target – mech.
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mecA gene, PBP’s decreased affinity
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Resistance via enzyme degrade –mech.
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Beta-lactamases, ESBLs
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Resistance via metabolic bypass
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Sulfa drugs
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Resistance via increased exit – mech.
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Efflux pumps
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Toxin increasing cAMP levels
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Cholera, ETEC, pertussis
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GABA
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Clostridia tetani
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Ach
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Clostridia botulinum
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MacConkey non-lactose fermenters
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Campylobacter, Shigella, Salmonella
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Acute Infectious Gastroenteritis, no diarrhea
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S. typhii
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AIG, gram-negative rod, with bacteremia
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Salmonella
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Right Lower Quadrant Pain
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Campylobacter jejuni
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Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome
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EHEC O157:H7
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Impetigo
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Group A strep
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Rash on Palms
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RMSF or Syphilis
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Cough and prolonged fever
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Mycobacterium tuberculosis
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Diarrheal pathogen with no animal reservoir
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Shigella
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Toxoid vaccine
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Tetanus
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Amoeba
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Legionella
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Bacterial Diarrhea
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Salmonella
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Bacterial Lower Resp. Infection
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Pneumococcus
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Viral Lower Resp. Infection
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RSV
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Bacterial CNS infection
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Syphilis
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Viral CNS infection
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WNV
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Rash causing bacteria
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RMSF
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Rash causing viruses
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Measles
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Neuronal spread
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Tetanus
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Internal fracture infection
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Salmonella, strep, staph
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VZV superinfection
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Staph aureus or GAS
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Guillan Barre Complication
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Campylobacter
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Bloody diarrhea
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Shigella, EHEC-O157
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Diarrhea, no stool culture
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Clostridia dificile
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Bacteria, no person-person transmission
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RMSF
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Complement deficient infection
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Neisseria meningiditis
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Blanching rash
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Scarlet Fever from GAS
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Post-viral pneumonia
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Staphylococcus aureus (#1), poss pneumo or H.flu
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UTI catheter infection
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Staphylococcus epidermidis
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M protein
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Group A strep, Factor H can’t bind – no complement !!
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UTI during pregnancy
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Group B strep
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Bacterial growth in bile
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Enterococcus
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Gram-positive bacteria with endotoxin
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Listeria
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Rx for Neisseria
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3rd generation cephalosporins
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Microaerophilic bacteria
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Campylobacter jejuni
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Skin granulomas
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Mycobacterium marinum
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Bacterial superantigen
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TSS-like syndrome = GAS
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Antibiotic disrupt cell wall synthesis
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Beta-lactams, glycopeptides (vanco)
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Antibiotic disrupt cell membrane
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Polymixin B, daptomycin
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Antibiotic disrupt folate metabolism
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Sulfa – trimethropim – bactrim (tox- Stephen johnsons)
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Antibiotic disrupt DNA replication
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Fluoroquinolones
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Antibiotic disrupt RNA polymerase
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Rifampin
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Antibiotic disrupt protein synthesis
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50s = macrolides (erythromycin, azithro-, clinda-)
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Erm gene
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Macrolide resistance MLSB (induc or constit)
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Mef gene
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Macrolide resistance M only
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Most toxic antibiotic
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Aminoglycosides, IV only, renal, oto, vestib toxicity
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Antibiotics for Gram-positive resistants
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Synercid, Linezolid, Daptomycin
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Antibiotics for Gram-negative resistants
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Impenim, tigecycline, polymixinB
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Penicillin allergy antibiotic
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Azeotranam, a monobactam
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Macrolides used to treat
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Atypicals = legionella, perfringens, chlaymid, campylo
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Lyme and RMSF antibiotic
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Doxycycline
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Synercid
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Used to treat VRE-faecium
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TORCHS
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Toxoplasm, Rubella, CMV, HepB, Syphilis
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ETEC
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Toxin, traveler’s diarrhea
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EPEC
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Lesion, infantile diarrhea in developing country
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EHEC
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Colon, stx toxin, bloody diarrhea
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EIEC
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Actin invasion, dysentery, epidemics in poor countries
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EAEC
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Biofilm, mucoid diarrhea
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DAEC
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Diarrhea in older children in developing countries
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Unique bacterial physiology
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Membrane with sterols, coupled transcript/translate
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Fruiting Body
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B. anthracis
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Virulence Gene locations
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Plasmids or pathogenicity islands
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Endotoxin
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LPS, LTA, weakly antigenic
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Exotoxin
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Subunit A = catalytic, B = binding, highly antigenic
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Superantigens
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Subclass of pyrogenic exotosin, directly stim CD4 T cells
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Enterotoxins
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Act and look like exotoxins, active only in gut lumen
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Toxoids
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Inactivated toxins used for vaccines
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Rheumatic Fever
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GAS sequelae, clinical diagnosis only!
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Dark, smoky urine
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Acute glomerulonephritis, GAS sequelae
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Thick black crusty lesions
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Ecthyma, GAS specific skin lesion
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Gangrene
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Necrotizing fasciitis, GAS
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Rash starts on upper chest
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Scarlet Fever, from GAS pharyngitis, supportive Rx only
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Buttery colonies
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GBS
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Bovine mastitis
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GBS
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Most common cause of URI in adults
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Pneumococcus
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Buccal cellulitis
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Haemophilus influenzae may look like parotitis
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Bean diplococcus
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Neisseria
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Neisseria with capsule
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Meningiditis
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Lymphocytosis
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Hallmark of pertussis toxin action
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3 stages of whooping cough
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Catarrhal, paroxysmal, convalescent
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Pyoverdin and pyocyanin
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Pseudomonas aeruginosa
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Hot tub foliculitis
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Pseudomonas aeruginosa
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Dot/icm genes
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Fastidious growth, legionella
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Pontiac Fever
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Legionella
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Flu-like symptoms, multi-organ failure
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Legionnaire’s disease
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BCYE charcoal yeast culture
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Legionella
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Rx for Legionella
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Macrolides / Zpack
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Viral infection
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No phagocytes present!
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Supporative inflammation
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Extracell, g+cocci, g-rods, neutrophils
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Mononuclear/interstitial inflammation
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Lymphocytes and macros, intracellular or persisting infec
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Granulomatous inflammation
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Activated macrophage, rim of cells, intracellular
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Cytopathic inflammation
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Viruses only
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Cephalosporins
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Don’t cover enterococcus, or anaerobes or listeria
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VanA gene
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To synthesize Dala/Dlac, VRSA/VRE
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Type 4 sccMEC
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Community acquired – MRSA, less resistant
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VacA gene
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Ulcer causing gene for helicobacter pylori
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Urease test
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Helicobacter pylori
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H. Pylori treatment
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Macrolide, amozicillin and proton pump inhibitor(omepr)
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Pelvic inflammatory Disease
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Enterococcus, #2 B. fragilis
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Endocarditis
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Enterococcus
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Fast bacterial diarrhea
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S. aureus (no fever), B. cereus (more vomit)
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Medium bacterial diarrhea
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B. cereus (more vomit), C. perfringens (more diarrhea)
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Slow bacterial diarrhea
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Shigella, Salmonella, Campylobacter
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Potts disease
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Reactive TB in spine
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Gold standard Tb testing
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IFN-gamma release assays, acid fast staining
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Tb Rx
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Rifampin, INH, Pyrazinamide, Ethambutol
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Lyme disease complement inactivator
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Salp15/OspC bind factor H (from borg. and tick saliva)
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Rx Resistant Arthritis
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Years after Doxycycline for Lyme disease, autoimmune
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Safety pin bug
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Yersinia Pestis
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Plague
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Pneumonic has person spread, bubonic does not
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G-Urethritis vs NG-Urethritis
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NGU has –gram stain, but high PMNs
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Dysuria-pyuria syndrome
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UTI that won’t go away, CT sequelae
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Inguinal lymphadenopathy
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CT-L1-3, LGV, proctitis
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Arthritis, Conjunctivits, urethritis
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GC/CT sequelae. Reiter’s syndrome
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RB and EB bodies
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CT pathogenesis
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Condylomata lata
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Secondary syphilis symptoms
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Alopecia
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Secondary syphilis symptoms
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3 subtypes of tertiary syphilis
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Neurosyphilis, Gummatous, cardiovascular
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Vaso vasorum
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Cardiovascular tertiary syphilis
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Darkfield microscopy
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Syphilis screening
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Naked virus genome
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Must be icosahedral, naked can not be helical,
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