Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
10 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
What are the three layers of skin? |
1. Epidermis 2. Dermis 3. Hypodermis |
|
|
What 4 cell types exist in the epidermis? |
1. Keratinocytes - produce keratin 2. melanocytes - produce melanin 3. merkel cells - function as touch receptors 4. langerhan's cells - epidermal macrophages that help activate the immune system |
|
|
What are the 4 layers of the epidermis? |
1. stratum corneum - cells are dead, keratinized cells, serves for waterproofing, protection from abrasion and penetration, helps from biological, chemical and physical assaults 2. stratum granulosum - thin - drastic changes in keratinocyte, in thick skin, superior to granulosum is lucidum (clear layer) 3. stratum spinosum - weblike system of intermediate filaments attached to desomosomes - melanin and langerhan cells are abundant in this layer 4. stratum basale - deepest, single row of young keratinocytes, rapid cell division |
|
|
What are the 2 layers of the dermis? |
1. Papillary - aerolar connective tissue with collagen and elastic fibers, free nerve ending 2. Reticular - accounts for 80% of thickness of skin, collagen fibers in this layer add strength and resiliency to skin. elastin fibers provide stretch recoil properties |
|
|
What is the hypodermis composed of? |
Subcutaneous layer deep to the skin. Composed of adipose and areolar connective tissue. |
|
|
What three pigments contribute to skin color? |
1. melanin - responsible for dark skin colors 2. carotene - yellow to orange pigment, most obvious in palms and soles of feet 3. hemoglobin - reddish pigment responsible for pinkish hue of the skin |
|
|
What are the six functions of the integumentary system? |
1. Protection - chemical, physical and mechanical barrier 2. Body Temperature Regulation - dilation (cooling) and constriction (warming) 3. Cutaneous sensation - touch and pain 4. Metabolic functions - synthesis of vitamin D 5. Blood Reservoir - skins stores up to 5% of bodys blood volume 6. Excretion - very little compared to kidneys |
|
|
Hair is distributed over the entire skin surface, except what areas? |
Palms, soles, and lips
Nipples and portions of the external genatalia |
|
|
What are the 4 types of sweat glands? |
1. eccrine sweat glands - found in palms, soles of feet and forehead 2. apocrine sweat glands - found in axillary and anogenital areas 3. ceruminous glands - modified apocrine glands in external ear canal that secrete cerumen 4. mammary glands - specialized sweat glands that secrete milk |
|
|
What are sebaceous glands? |
Simple alveolar glands found all over the body.
Soften skin when stimulated by hormones. Secrete an oily secretion called sebum |
