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48 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What part of the endocrine system controls the activity of the pituitary gland?
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Hypothalamus
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What are the names of the fluid-filled cavities housed in the cerebral hemispheres?
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Lateral Ventricle
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What passageway connects the 3rd and 4th ventricles?
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Sylvius Aqueduct
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What passageway connects the 3rd and lateral ventricles?
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Mouro (foramen) or Interventricular foramen
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How many pairs of cranial nerves exist?
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12
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What are the parts of the brainstem?
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Midbrain, Medulla Oblongata, Pons
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What are fissures?
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Elongated grooves or openings
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What are sulci and gyri in the brain?
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sulci - Valleys
Gyri - folds/ridges |
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What is the largest portion of the adult human brain?
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Cerebrum
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What is a synapse?
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Junction where impulses are passed from one nerve cell to another
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What is the corpus callosum?
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Pathway, connection between cerebral hemispheres
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What is the difference in the structures which make up the gray matter of the spinal cord?
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Nerve cell bodies (basal nuclei)
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What is the difference in the structures which make up the white matter of the spinal cord?
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Myelinated axons
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What portion of the brain functions to coordinate fine muscular movement of the extremities?
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Cerebellum
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What is under the control of the medulla oblongata?
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Vital centers: Heart, respiratory, vomiting, sneezing, coughing, swallowing
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What forms the subarachnoid space?
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Pia mater & arachnoid
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What are the parts and functions of a neuron?
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Axon (carries impulses away from nerve cell body)
dendrite (record impulses & carries to nerve body) |
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What portion of the brain is associated with sight, smell, and hearing?
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Cerebrum
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What makes up the PNS and CNS?
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CNS - Brain & Spinal cord
PNS - Cranial nerves |
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What makes up the hindbrain?
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Pons, medulla oblongata, cerebellum
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What makes up the cranial venous sinuses?
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2 layers of dura mater
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What are the meninges in terms of purpose and location?
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Covering of brain & spinal cord
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What is the function and origination of CSF?
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Cushions and protects brain, choroid plexus of each ventricle (in roof of brain)
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What structures are separated by the longitudinal fissure?
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Divides Right & Left cerebral hemispheres
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The fourth ventricle is found in which part of the brain?
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Hindbrain
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Which part of the brain is the forebrain?
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Cerebrum, diencephalon
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Pia mater
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Covering directly to surface of brain
delicate innermost layer of meninges |
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Dura mater
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outer, tough covering "hard mother"
tough, thin outermost layer of meninges |
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Arachnoid
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Central sheath
delicate membrane enclosing spinal cord |
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Subarachnoid
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Between pia mater and arachnoid
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coma
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total unresponsiveness to stimulation
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TIA
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transcient ischemic attach
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CVA
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cerebrovascular accident (stroke)
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Alzheimer's disease
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progressive degeneration of brain with abnormal protein deposits
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concussion
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slight transient brain injury
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contusion
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traumatic injury that destroys brain tissue
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MS
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Multiple Sclerosis
Auto immune disorder with extensive demyelination |
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intracranial hemorrhage
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may cause medulla oblongata to be wedged into foramen magnum by pressure of blood
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MD
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Muscular Dystrophy
hereditary disease characterized by progressive weakening of the muscles |
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Where is the CSF produced?
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Choroid plexus in the roof of the ventricles
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whiplash
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traumatic flexion or extension of neck
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paralysis
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loss of motor function
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hemiplegia
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paralysis of one side of body due to brain injury rather than injury to spinal cord
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paraplegia
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result of transection of the cord between T11 and L1
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paresthesia
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loss of sensation
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quadriplegia
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result of permanent injury to cervial region of cord (C5 & C6)
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spastic paralysis
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paralysis without atrophy (lesions of upper motor neurons)
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spinal shock
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transcient period of functional loss induced by trauma to spinal cord
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