Brain Anatomy - Basic

Front 1

When divided into three parts based on position, how are the parts of the brain identified?

Back 1

Forebrain
Midbrain
Hindbrain

Front 2

This part of the brain contains the optic lobes

Back 2

Midbrain

Front 3

This part of the brain contains the cerebellum and medulla oblongata

Back 3

Hindbrain

Front 4

Insulated nerve cells

Back 4

White matter

Front 5

Oldest part of the brain (in terms of evolution)

Back 5

Brainstem

Front 6

Newest part of the brain (in terms of evolution)

Back 6

Frontal Lobes

Front 7

Contains the spinal cord, medulla oblongata, the pons, and the cerebellum

Back 7

Hindbrain

Front 8

Carries information to the brain and instructions from the brain

Back 8

Spinal cord

Front 9

Helps control the body's autonomic functions such as respiration, digestion and heart rate, as well as acting as a relay station for nerve signals

Back 9

Medulla Oblongata

Front 10

Regulates and coordinates movement, posture and balance. Also involved in learning movement.

Back 10

Cerebellum

Front 11

Relays sensory information between the cerebellum and cerebrum; aids in relaying other messages in the brain; controls arousal, and regulates respiration. Some believe it has a role in dreaming.

Back 11

Pons

Front 12

Where the amygdala, hippocampus, hypothalamus, and thalamus are located.

Back 12

Limbic System

Front 13

Performs a primary role in the formation and storage of emotionally-charged memories, as well as triggering responses of fear and anger.

Back 13

Amygdala

Front 14

Plays important role in the formation of new memories about experienced events, as well as spatial orientation or "place" memory.

Back 14

Hippocampus

Front 15

Influences hunger, thirst, and sexual behavior; regulates the pituitary gland; controls circadian rhythms and body temperature.

Back 15

Hypothalamus

Front 16

Relays most sensory signals within the brain and plays a function in motor control.

Back 16

Thalamus

Front 17

What separates the brain hemispheres.

Back 17

Longitudinal fissure

Front 18

The neural bridge that connects the two hemispheres and facilitates communication between them.

Back 18

Corpus callosum

Front 19

Linear reasoning and language functions, as well as a sense of past and present, are often lateralized to this part of the brain.

Back 19

Left hemisphere

Front 20

Holistic reasoning language functions (such as intonation and accentuation), spatial reasoning, artistic ability, and imagination, are often lateralized to part of the brain.

Back 20

Right hemisphere

Front 21

Controls speech, language recognition and facial nerves.

Back 21

Broca's Area

Front 22

An evolved portion of the brain that handles reasoning, problem solving, judgment, and impulse control; also higher emotions such as empathy and altruism; motor control and memory.

Back 22

Frontal lobe

Front 23

Integrates sensory information to form a single perception, constructs a spatial coordinate system to represent the world around us, and processes pain.

Back 23

Parietal Lobe

Front 24

Involved in semantics both in speech and vision, auditory sensation, and emotion and memory. Houses the auditory cortex.

Back 24

Temporal Lobe

Front 25

Controls visual sensation and processing. Houses the visual cortex.

Back 25

Occipital Lobe

Front 26

Responsible for the comprehension of speech and the selection of content words.

Back 26

Wernicke's area

Front 27

This influences the release of hormones from other glands.

Back 27

Pituitary gland