Bone Notes

Front 1

of the skeletal system major functions

Back 1

Support

protection

movement

storage

blood cell formation

Front 2

Types of bones

Back 2

Compact

spongy

long

Short

Flat

Irregular

Front 3

Parts of the bone

Back 3

Diaphysis

Epiphysis

Front 4

Types of marrow

Back 4

Yellow and red

Front 5

Bone markings

Back 5

Projections/processes

Depressions/cavities

Front 6

Trochanter

Back 6

Very large bling irregularly shaped process

Front 7

Tubercule

Back 7

Small rounded projection or process

Front 8

Condyle

Back 8

Rounded articulate projection

Front 9

Fossa

Back 9

Shallow basin like depression in a bone

Front 10

Where is fat stored in the bones

Back 10

Internal cavities

Front 11

examples of flat bones

Back 11

ribs sternum skull

Front 12

Samples of irregular bones

Back 12

vertebra hip

Front 13

minerals found in the bones

Back 13

phosphorus and calcium

Front 14

Does blood cell formation ocher ocher occus

Back 14

Marrow cavities

Front 15

Compact bone

Back 15

Dense and looks smooth and homo

Front 16

Spongy bone

Back 16

Composed of small needle like pieces of bone and lots of open space

Front 17

Long bones are mostly composed of

Back 17

Compact bone

Front 18

Just list the bones that are not long bones

Back 18

Patella

Wrist

Ankle

Front 19

Short bone

Back 19

Generally cube shaped and contain mostly

Hint 19

Spongy

Front 20

Bones that are short bones

Back 20

Tele patella

Sesamoid

Front 21

Flat bones

Back 21

Then flattened usually curved they have two layers of compact bone sandwiching a layer of spongy bone

Front 22

Periosteum

Back 22

Covers diaphysis

Fibrous connective

Front 23

Articulate cartilage

Back 23

Glassy hyaline cartilage

Smooth decreases friction in joint surfaces

Front 24

Osteocyte

Back 24

Mature bone cell

Front 25

Lamellae

Back 25

Arrangement of lacunae arranged in Coventry tic circles

Front 26

Volkmanns canal

Back 26

Allows the communication pathway from the outside of the bone to the interior

Front 27

Ossification

Back 27

Cartilage to bone

Front 28

Osteoblast

Back 28

Bone forming cell

Front 29

Skull

Back 29

Made of 2sat bones

Front 30

Skeletal system composed of

Back 30

Joints cartilages

Ligaments

Front 31

Divisions of skeletal system

Back 31

Axial

Appendicular

Front 32

Appendicular skeleton

Back 32

Limbs and girdles

Front 33

Axial skeletol

Back 33

Longitudinal Skelton

Front 34

Ligaments

Back 34

Fibrous cords binding bones together at joints

Front 35

Functions of joints

Back 35

Give body flexibility and allow movement to occur

Front 36

What does the vertebra protect

Back 36

Spinal cord

Front 37

Importance of calcium

Back 37

Nervous system to transmit messages

Muscles contract

Blood clot

Front 38

Types of Osseus tissue

Back 38

Compact spongy

Front 39

Bones classified by shape

Back 39

Long short

Irregular flat

Front 40

Short bones

Back 40

Cube shaped and contain mostly spongy bone

Front 41

Diaphysis

Back 41

Makes up most of bone length and is composed of compact bone

Front 42

Diaphysis

Back 42

Makes up most of bone length and is composed of compact bone

Front 43

Periosteum

Back 43

Fibrous connective tissue membrane

Front 44

Perforating fibers

Back 44

Hundreds of connective tissue fibers

Front 45

Articular cartilage functikn

Back 45

Decreases friction at joints

Front 46

Cavity of the shaft stores

Back 46

Adipose

Front 47

In adults, red marrow can be found

Back 47

Cavities in the spongy bone of flat bone

Epiphysis of long bones

Front 48

Bone markings

Back 48

Reveal where muscles tendons ligaments or attached and where blood vessels and nerves passed

Front 49

Lacunae

Back 49

Tiny cavities where osteocytes are found

Front 50

Lamellae

Back 50

Concentric circles where the lacunae are located

Front 51

Central canal

Back 51

Center of the lamellae

Front 52

Canaculi

Back 52

Canals containing blood vessels

Front 53

Osteon

Back 53

Complex consisting of central canal and matrix rings

Front 54

Canaculi function

Back 54

Form a transportation system that connects all the bones to the nutrient supply through the hard bone matrix

Front 55

Volkmans canal

Back 55

Allows communication pathway from the outside of the bone to its interior and the central canals

Front 56

Volkman canal structure

Back 56

Run into compact bone at right angles to the shaft

Front 57

What gives bone it’s hardness?

Back 57

Calcium salts deposited in the matrix give bone it’s hardness which resists compression

Front 58

Allows flexibility and tensile strength

Back 58

Organic parts collagen fibers

Front 59

Process of bone formation

Back 59

1. Hyaline cartilage is completely covered with bone matrix by bone forming cells called osteoblasts

2. The cartilage is digested away opening up a medullary cavity within the formed bone

3. Afterbirth most of the cartilage has been converted to into a bone except for two regions the cartilage is that cover the bone ends and the epiphyseal plate

4. Old cartilage in the medullary cavity is broken down and replaced by Boney matrix

Front 60

Appositional growth

Back 60

^diametet

Front 61

Factors remodeling bones

Back 61

1. Ca levels in the blood

2. Pull of gravity

Front 62

Osteoclasts

Back 62

Bone destroying cells

Front 63

Determines when and where bone matrix is to be broken down or form

Back 63

Muscle Paul and gravity

Front 64

Steps of healing a Bone

Back 64

1. Hematoma forms

2. The break is put splinted buy a fibrocartilage Calais

3. Bony callus forms

4. Bone remodeling forms

Front 65

Skull

Back 65

Formed by two sets of bones

Front 66

Cranium

Back 66

Encloses and protects the fragile brain tissue

Front 67

Dif scoliosis

Kyphosis lordosis

Back 67

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