Bocock Uworld Week 2.7

Front 1

What DM type II agent causes lactic acidosis?

Back 1

metformin

Front 2

What class of DM type II agent has a side effect of hypoglycemia?

Back 2

sulfonyureas

Front 3

What class of DM type agent closes K+ channels on ---> beta cells--> depolarization--> calcium influx-->insulin release?

Back 3

sulfonylureas

Front 4

What class of DM type II agent inhibit alpha glucosidase at the intestinal brush border?

Back 4

alpha glucosidase inhibitors

Front 5

What class of DM type II agent acts as agonists at the PPAR gamma receptor?

Back 5

TZDs or glitazones

Front 6

What factors are dependent on vitamin K for synthesis?

Back 6

2,7,9,10...protein C and protein S

Front 7

What coag factor is defiicient in the following...
(1) hemophilia A
(2) hemophilia B

Back 7

(1) factor 8
(2) factor 9

Front 8

Effects of bradykinin on the body?

Back 8

(1) increases vascular permeability
(2) vasodilation
(3) Pain

Front 9

Consequence of deficiencies in either protein C or protein S?

Back 9

hypercoagulability

Front 10

factors inhibited by warfarin?

Back 10

2,7,9,10...protein C and protein S

Front 11

acts as a cofactor for the activation of antithrombin?

Back 11

heparin

Front 12

Anticoagulant that can be used in pregnancy because it does not cross the placenta?

Back 12

heparin

Front 13

Major side effect of heparin toxicity?

Back 13

heparin induced thrombocytopenia (HIT)

Front 14

Drugs used to anticoagulate pts with HIT....these directly inhibit thrombin?

Back 14

lepirudin and bivalirudin

Front 15

Name the clot busting drugs (thrombolytics) that aid in the conversion of plasminogen to plasmin?

Back 15

streptokinase, urokinase, and tPa

Front 16

antidote for thrombolytic toxicity?

Back 16

aminocaproic acid

Front 17

MCC of inherited hypercoagulability where there is a mutant factor v that cannot be broken down by protein C?

Back 17

factor v leiden

Front 18

What is the problem in factor v leiden?

Back 18

a mutation in factor V prevents it from being broken down by protein C

Front 19

rx for warfarin overdose?

Back 19

fresh fozen plasma or vitamin K

Front 20

What anticoagulant is contraindicated in pregnancy because it crosses the placenta?

Back 20

warfarin

Front 21

What lab value is used to monitor the following medications...
(1) warfarin
(2) heparin

Back 21

(1) PT or INR
(2) PTT

Front 22

Mneumonic for where fetal erythropoesis takes place?

Back 22

"Young Liver Synthesizes Blood"
(1) yolk sac
(2) Liver
(3) spleen
(4) blood

Front 23

erythrocytosis = polycythemia

Back 23

an increase in the # of RBCs

Front 24

anisocytosis

Back 24

varying sizes

Front 25

poikilocytosis

Back 25

varying shapes

Front 26

reticulocyte

Back 26

immature RBC

Front 27

What bones synthesize RBCs in adults?

Back 27

(1) cranial bones
(2) vertebra
(3) sternum
(4) ribs
(5) pelvis
(

Front 28

What allows RBCs to change shape as they pass through vessels?

Back 28

spectrin

Front 29

What is the rate limiting enzyme in heme synthesis?

Back 29

aminolevulinic acid synthase(ALA synthase)

Front 30

Heme synthesis defect that presents with painful abdomen, psychosis, and red wine colored urine?

what is the effected enzyme?

Back 30

acute intermittent porphyria


porphobilinogen deaminase

Front 31

Conditions of defective heme synthesis?

Back 31

the porphyrias

Front 32

MC porphyria that presents with blistering cutaneous photosensitivity, facial pigmentation, excessive hair growth, and tea-colored urine?

Effected enzyme?

Back 32

porphyria cutanea tarda

uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase

Front 33

Enzymes affected in lead poisoning that disrupts the synthesis of heme?

Back 33

ferrochetalase and aminolevulinic acid dehydrogenase

Front 34

First line rx for lead poisoning in adults?

Back 34

dimercaprol and EDTA

Front 35

rx for lead poisoning in kids?

Back 35

succimer

Front 36

What pathologic form of rbc would you see with lead poisoning?

Back 36

basophilic stippling

Front 37

What pathologic form of rbc would you see with G6PDH deficiency?

Back 37

bite cells and heinz bodies

Front 38

What pathologic form of rbc would you see with DIC?

Back 38

schistocytes (helmit cells)

Front 39

What pathologic form of rbc would you see with abetalipoproteinemia?

Back 39

acanthocyte (spur cells)

Front 40

What pathologic form of rbc would you see with asplenia?

Back 40

target cells and howell jolly bodies

Front 41

What is the structure of HbH?

what disease results in HbH production?

Back 41

4 beta globulin chains

alpha thalessemia and Hg H disease

Front 42

What is the structure of Hb Barts?

What disease results in Hb Barts?

Back 42

4 gamma globulin chains

fatal hydrops fetalis

Front 43

Does HbF have more or less affinity for 2,3BPG than adult Hb?

Back 43

less affinity....allows oxygen to be transferred from maternal to fetal Hb

Front 44

What disorder is associated with anti-endomysial antibodies?

Back 44

celiac disease

Front 45

Associated with anti-thyroglobulin antibodies?

Back 45

hashimoto's thyroiditis

Front 46

associated with anti-smooth muscle antibodies?

Back 46

autoimmune hepatitis

Front 47

What accounts for the positive charge in histones?

Back 47

lysine and arginine residues

Front 48

what 5 substances are used in the making of purines?

Back 48

(1) glycine
(2) aspartate
(3)glutamine
(4)THF
(5) CO2

Front 49

what substances are used in making pyrimidines?

Back 49

(1) aspartate
(2) glutamine
(3) THF
(4) CO2

Front 50

What are the sxs of orotic aciduria?

Back 50

(1) increased orotic acid in the urine
(2) no hyperammonemia
(3) megaloblastic macrocytic anemia( does not improve with B12 or folate)

Front 51

What is the rate limiting enzyme for pyrimidine synthesis?

Back 51

carbamoylphosphate synthetase II

Front 52

This enzyme converts UDP-->dUDP in pyrimidine synthesis?

Back 52

ribonucleotide reductase

Front 53

Enzyme that converts dUMP-->dTMP in pyrimidine synthesis and requires THF?

Back 53

thymidylate synthase

Front 54

Enzyme that converts DHF to THF and is inhibited by methotrexate?

Back 54

dihydrofolate reductase

Front 55

rate limiting enzyme in purine synthesis?

Back 55

glutamine PRPP aminotranferase

Front 56

Has clinical sxs of MR, self mutilation, aggression, hyperurecemia, gout, and choreoathetosis?

What enzyme is missing?

Back 56

lesch nyhan syndrome

HGPRT

Front 57

Eukaryotic DNA poly that replicates the lagging strand and synthesizes an RNA primer?

Back 57

DNA Poly alpha

Front 58

Eukaryotic DNA poly that repairs DNA?

Back 58

DNA poly beta and epsilon

Front 59

Eukaryotic DNA poly that replicates mitochondrial DNA?

Back 59

DNA poly gamma

Front 60

Eukaryotic DNA poly that replicates the leading strand?

Back 60

DNA poly delta

Front 61

What is the location, pathway, and N source of CPS II?

Back 61

(1) cytosol
(2) pyrimidine synthesis
(3) glutamine

Front 62

What is the location, pathway, and N source of CPS I?

Back 62

(1) mitochondria
(2) urea cycle
(3) ammonia

Front 63

Cellular storage protein for iron?

Back 63

ferritin

Front 64

Protein that binds iron and transports it through the blood?

Back 64

transferrin

Front 65

PT with a rash around the mouth, nose, eyes, and anus with poor wound healing?

Back 65

zinc deficiency

Front 66

To what two molecules is iron bound to in human cells?

Back 66

(1) myoglobin
(2) ferritin

Front 67

To what two molecules is iron bound to in the blood?

Back 67

(1) Hg
(2) transferrin

Front 68

Two clinical tests to check for hypocalcemia?

Back 68

(1) chvostek's sign (tap on cheek)

(2) trousseau's sign (tighten bp cuff and see carpal spasm)

Front 69

What might you see in an erythrocyte of a pt with lead poisoning?

Back 69

basophilic stippling

Front 70

Drug that inhibits prokaryotic DHF reductase?

Back 70

trimethoprim

Front 71

Abx that inhibits prokaryotic RNA polymerase?

Back 71

rifampin

Front 72

Abx that inhibits prokaryotic topoisomerase?

Back 72

fluoroquinolones

Front 73

Abx that binds 30s...preventing attachment of tRNA?

Back 73

tetracyclines

Front 74

Abx that inhibits 50s peptidyl transferase?

Back 74

chloramphenicol and streptogramins

Front 75

Abx that binds to 50s...blocking translocation?

Back 75

linezolid and macrolides (ACE)

Front 76

mneumonic for the conditons with target cells?

Back 76

"HALT said the hunter to his TARGET"
(1) hemoglobin C disease
(2) asplenia
(3) Liver disease
(4) thalessemia

Front 77

What test can be used to diagnose beta thalessemia minor?

Back 77

Hb electrophoresis

Front 78

What lab findings help you to distinguish iron deficiency anemia from a microcytic, hypochromic anemia resulting from thalessemia?

Back 78

Iron deficiency--> decreased serum iron, increased TIBC, and decreased ferritin

thalessemia--> iron, TIBC, and ferritin are normal....will see target cells

Front 79

What should be ruled out in a male over 50 with new onset iron deficiency anemia?

Back 79

colon cancer

Front 80

Presents with a triad of iron deficiency anemia, esophageal web, and a glossy smooth tongue (atrophic glossitis)?

Back 80

plummer vinson syndrome

Front 81

microcytic anemia+ difficulty swallowing+ glossitis

Back 81

plummer vinson syndrome

Front 82

microcytic anemia+3.5% Hb A2?

Back 82

beta thalessemia minor

Front 83

megaloblastic macrocytic anemia not correctible by B12 or folate?

Back 83

orotic aciduria

Front 84

megaloblastic macrocytic anemia with peripheral neuropathy?

Back 84

b12 deficiency

Front 85

microcytic anemia with rbc basophilic stippling?

Back 85

lead poisoning

Front 86

microcytic anemia reversible with B6-pyridoxine?

Back 86

sideroblastic anemia

Front 87

normocytic anemia with elevated creatinine?

Back 87

chronic kidney disease

Front 88

normocytic anemia + red urine in the morning?

Back 88

paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria