Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Definition of Cartilage
|
A type of supporting, connective tissue
|
|
|
The 3 functions of cartilage
|
Support soft tissue (e.g. tracheal rings)
Gliding surface at joints (e.g. epiplyses, menisci) Provides model during bone development |
|
|
Components of Cartilage
|
Fibers
Ground Substance Chondroblasts Chondrocytes |
|
|
Details of Fibers
|
Collagen (type II) with some elastic fibers present for flexibility
|
|
|
Details of Ground Substance
|
Firmness attributed to chondroitin sulfat and hyaluronic acid
Avascular Contains up to 80% water |
|
|
Details of Chondroblasts
|
Develop from perichondrium
Produce ground substance and fibers of developing cartilage Produce sufficent matrix to maintain cartilage |
|
|
Details of Chondrocytes
|
Develop from chondroblasts
Lie in spaces within matrix called lacunae |
|
|
How the cartilage matrix is produced
|
Division of chondrocytes
|
|
|
Details of Hyaline cartilage
|
Densely packed collagen fibers in water
Always surrounded by perichondrium |
|
|
Where hyaline cartilage is being used
|
Forms skeleton and costal, tracheal, laryngeal, nasal, and articular cartilages
|
|
|
Details of elastic cartilage
|
Less collagen, more elastic fibers
Fibers loosely packed-allows for flexibility No perichondrium at maturity Repaired by chondroplasts |
|
|
Where elastic cartilage is
|
Auricle, epiglottis
|
|
|
Details of fibrocartilage
|
Little ground substance, thick bundles of collagen fibers
Allows slight movement, more resistant to tension |
|
|
Where fibrocartilage is
|
Intervertebral disks, symphysis joints, menisci
|
|
|
Functions of bone
|
Support soft tissue structures
Protect organs/ systermis Movement Hematopoiesis Storage (chemical homeostasis) |
|
|
Key difference between bone and Cartilage
|
Ground Substance
|
|
|
Components of bone
|
Fibers
Ground Substance Osteoblasts Osteoclasts |
|
|
Details of Bone fibers
|
Collagen (type I) provides tensile strength and is the organic component of bone
|
|
|
Details of bone Ground substance
|
Mainly calcium phosphate, calcium hydroxide, and calcium carbonate
Forms hydroxyapetite crystals Inorganic compoonent of bone |
|
|
Components of bone matrix
|
Ground substance and fibers
|
|
|
Details of osteoblasts
|
Cells that produce the extracellular matrix
Found on the surface of any developing bone area |
|
|
Details of osteocytes
|
Develop from osteoblasts that have become surrounded by matrix
Lie in spaces within matrix called lacunae When mature become inactive |
|
|
Details of Osteoclasts
|
Capable of degrading and reabsorbing matrix
Found on the surface of any bone undergoing remodeling |
|
|
Characteristics of short bone
|
Geometrically equivalent in all directions
(eg carpals and tarsals) |
|
|
Characteristics of flat bone
|
Two parallel layers of compact bone with trabecular
(eg cranium, sternum, ribs, scapula, frontal) |
|
|
Characteristics of sesmoid bone
|
Develop in tendons (eg. patella)
Variable and occur due to tensions |
|
|
Charactereistics of long bone
|
Have elongated shaft and enlarged end
(eg humerus, femur, tibia) |
|
|
Characteristics of irregular bone
|
Complex shape
(eg vertebrae, some skull bones) |
|
|
Details of nonlamellar tissue
|
(woven/ immature bone tissue)
Found in developing bone/ bone repair sites Matrix not organized in layers "Bone callus", different with two types |
|
|
Details of Lamellar tissue
|
Collagen fibers are well organized in bundles with the matrix laid in layers
2 types are present in the body: Compact and trabecular Nutrients reach cells via diffusion alon canliculi |
|
|
Details of compact lamellar tissue
|
Composes the external surface of all bones
Covered by periosteum except where articulate cartilage is found |
|
|
Details of trabecular lamellar tissue
|
Lamellae forming branching plates called "trabeculae" rather than "osteons"
Sheets at different angles to one another as opposed to on top of one another Complex latticework of bone tissue |
|
|
Details of Canliculi
|
Found in epiphyses of long bones as well as in short, flat, and irregular bones
Contains red bone marrow in heads of humerus and femur and in vertebrae, sternum, ribs, and pelvis |
