Blood Terminology

Front 1

The Basic structural unit of all plants and animals

Back 1

cell

Front 2

outer covering of a cell

Back 2

cell membrane

Front 3

able to allow some substances through the cell membrane

Back 3

semipermeable

Front 4

thick fluid or protoplasm that fills the cell

Back 4

cytoplasm

Front 5

structures that perform specific fucntions within a cell

Back 5

organelles

Front 6

the organelle within the cell that contains the DNA

Back 6

nucleus

Front 7

high energy compound that is present in all cells. mainly muscles after they are split my enzymes, splitting occurs and energy is then present.

Back 7

adenosine triphosphate

Front 8

the sum of all of the cells, tisues, organs and organ systems that make up a living being

Back 8

organism

Front 9

group of cells that perform a certain function

Back 9

tissue

Front 10

lining of skin or mucous membranes or lining of the intestinal tract

Back 10

epithelial tissue

Front 11

tissue that is capable of contraction when stimulated

Back 11

muscle tissue

Front 12

the most abundant tissue. provides support, connection and insulation

Back 12

connective tissue

Front 13

tissue that transmits electrical impulses through the body

Back 13

nerve tissue

Front 14

a group of tissues funstioning together(heart,liver, brain)

Back 14

organ

Front 15

group of organs that work together (heart, gastrointestinal system

Back 15

organ system

Front 16

body systems that work to reverse or compensate for a pathophysiological process

Back 16

negative feedback loop

Front 17

natural tendency of the body to maintain a steady environment

Back 17

homeostasis

Front 18

structure of an organism

Back 18

anatomy

Front 19

functions of an organism

Back 19

physiology

Front 20

the total changes that take place during physiological processes.

Back 20

metabolism

Front 21

effects of disease (2)

Back 21

local and systemic

Front 22

Conrtol Systems

Back 22

nervous and endocrine

Front 23

total amount of water in the body at one time

Back 23

total body water

Front 24

the fluid inside the body cells

Back 24

intracellular fluid

Front 25

the fluid outside the body cells

Back 25

extracellular fluid

Front 26

fluid within the circulatory system

Back 26

intravascular fluid

Front 27

the fluid in the body tissues that is outside the cells and outside the vascular system

Back 27

interstitial fluid

Front 28

substance that dissolves other substances

Back 28

solvent

Front 29

normal tension in the cell

Back 29

tugor

Front 30

a substance that in water, seperates into electrically charged particles

Back 30

electrolyte

Front 31

seperate or break down

Back 31

dissociate

Front 32

a charged particle

Back 32

ion

Front 33

an ion with a positive charge

Back 33

cation

Front 34

an ion with a negaive charge

Back 34

anion

Front 35

substance that preserves or restores a normal acid balance by increasing or decreasing the hydrogen ions

Back 35

buffer

Front 36

equal in concentration of solute molecules

Back 36

isotonic

Front 37

having a greater concentration of solute molecules

Back 37

hypertonic

Front 38

having a lesser concentration of solute molecules

Back 38

hypotonic

Front 39

the difference of concentration between solutions on oppposite sides of a semipermeable membrane

Back 39

osomtic gradient

Front 40

movement of molecules through a membrane from an area of greater concentration to a area of lesser concentration

Back 40

diffusion

Front 41

passage of a solvent through the membrane

Back 41

osmosis

Front 42

movement of a substance through a cell membrane against the osmotic gradient; that is from the lesser area to the greater concentrated area or the opposite diretion of diffusion

Back 42

active transport

Front 43

diffusion of a substance such as glucose through a cell membrane with a helper protein

Back 43

facilitated diffusion

Front 44

concentration of a solute per kilogram of water

Back 44

osmolality

Front 45

concentration of a solute per litre of water

Back 45

osmolarity

Front 46

the pressure exerted by the concentration of solutes on one side of a membrane that, if hypertonic, tends to pull water from the other side of the membrane

Back 46

osmotic pressure

Front 47

a form of osmotic pressure exerted by the large protein molecules, or colloids present in plasma.

Back 47

oncotic force

Front 48

blood pressure or force against vessel walls created by the heart beat.

Back 48

hydrostatic pressure

Front 49

movement of water out of the plasma across the cap. membrane into the intertitial space

Back 49

filtration

Front 50

the total loss of water from blood plasma across the cap membrane into the intertitial space

Back 50

net filtraion

Front 51

potential for amount of hydrogen

Back 51

pH

Front 52

high concentration of hydrogen ions or a pH below 735

Back 52

acidosis

Front 53

low concentration of hydrogen ions or a pH higher than 745

Back 53

alkalosis

Front 54

bicarbonate buffer system, respiration, kidney function

Back 54

mechanisms to remove hydrogen ion

Front 55

cell membrane, cytoplasm,organelles

Back 55

elements of the cell

Front 56

layers of skin

Back 56

epi, dermis, subcutaneous tissue

Front 57

outer most layer of skin

Back 57

epidermis

Front 58

fatty secretion of the sebaceous gland that helps keep skin pliable and waterproof

Back 58

sebum

Front 59

true skin or corium, covers the blood vessels and nerves associated with the skin

Back 59

dermis

Front 60

glands within the dermis secreting sebum

Back 60

sebaceous glands

Front 61

gland that secrete sweat

Back 61

sudoriferious glands

Front 62

body layer beneath the dermis

Back 62

subcutaneous tissue

Front 63

body system that produces and develops blood cells

Back 63

hematopoietic system

Front 64

what system has bone marrow, liver, spleen, kids, blood

Back 64

hematopoietic system

Front 65

a cell from which various types of blood cells can form

Back 65

pluripotent stem cell

Front 66

process where pluripotent stem cells grow into various types of blood cells

Back 66

hematopoiesis

Front 67

RBC, WBC, Platlets are...

Back 67

formed elements

Front 68

hormone responsible for RBC production

Back 68

erthyropoietin

Front 69

oxygen bearing molecule in the RBC

Back 69

hemoglobin

Front 70

pO2

Back 70

partial pressure of oxygen

Front 71

pCO2

Back 71

partial pressure of carbon dioxide

Front 72

phenomenon where a dcecrease in acidity causes an increase in the quantity of oxygen that binds the hemoglobin

Back 72

bohr effect

Front 73

chemical in RBC that affects hemoglobins affinity for oxygen

Back 73

2,3-diphosphoglycerate

Front 74

process of producing red blood cells

Back 74

eyrthropoiesis

Front 75

destruction of RBC

Back 75

hemolysis

Front 76

trapping of RBC by an organ

Back 76

sequestration

Front 77

the packed cell volume of RBC per unit of blood

Back 77

hematocrit

Front 78

white blood cell

Back 78

leukocyte

Front 79

when white blood cells move in response to chemical signals

Back 79

chemotaxis

Front 80

when WBC engulf and destroy invaders

Back 80

phagocytosis

Front 81

when stem cells turn from cells into immature white blood cells

Back 81

leukopoiesis

Front 82

white blood cell blasts

Back 82

myelo, mon, lymph

Front 83

WBC categories

Back 83

granulocytes, monocytes,lymphocytes

Front 84

Granulocyte Classifications

Back 84

Basophils, Eosinohils, Neutrophils

Front 85

a larvacidal peptide

Back 85

major basic protein

Front 86

a low neutrophil count

Back 86

neutropenia