Blood Systems

Front 1

globulins

Back 1

component of blood, one of a plasma protein

Front 2

plasmapheresis

Back 2

process of separating plasma from cells and then removing the plasma from the patient

Front 3

four major plasma proteins

Back 3

albumin, globulins, fibrinogen, prothrombin

Front 4

clotting proteins

Back 4

fibrinogen and prothrombin

Front 5

albumin

Back 5

protein in blood; maintains the proper amount of water in the blood

Front 6

antibody (Ab)

Back 6

specific protein (immunoglobulin) produced by lymphocytes in response to bacteria, viruses, or other antigens.

Front 7

antigen

Back 7

substance (usually foreign)that stimulates the production of an antibody

Front 8

basophil

Back 8

white blood cell containing granules that stain blue;associated with release of histamine and heparin

Front 9

bilirubin

Back 9

orange-yellow pigment in bile; formed by the breakdown of hemoglobin when red blood cells are destroyed

Front 10

coagulation

Back 10

blood clotting

Front 11

colony-stimulating factor (CSF)

Back 11

protein that stimulates growth of white blood cells (granulocytes)

Front 12

differentiation

Back 12

change in structure and function of a cell as it matures; specialization

Front 13

electrophoresis

Back 13

method of separating serum proteins by electrical charge

Front 14

eosinophil

Back 14

white blood cell containing granules that stain red; associated with allergic reactions

Front 15

erythroblast

Back 15

immature red blood cell

Front 16

erythrocyte

Back 16

red blood cell

Front 17

erythropoietin (EPO)

Back 17

Hormone secreted by the kidneys; stimulates red blood cell formation

Front 18

fibrin

Back 18

protein that forms the basis of a blood clot

Front 19

fibrinogen

Back 19

plasma protein that is converted to fibrin in the clotting process

Front 20

globulin

Back 20

plasma protein; alpha, beta, and gamma (immature) globulins are examples

Front 21

granulocyte

Back 21

while blood cell with numerous dark-staining granules: eosinophil, neutrophil and basophil

Front 22

hematopoietic stem cell

Back 22

cell in the bone marrow that gives rise to all types of blood cells

Front 23

hemoglobin

Back 23

blood protein containing iron; carries oxygen in red blood cells

Front 24

heparin

Back 24

anticoagulant found in blood and tissue cells

Front 25

immune reaction

Back 25

response of the immune system to foreign invasion

Front 26

immunoglobulin

Back 26

protein (a globulin) with antibody activity; examples are IgG, IgM, IgA, IgE, IgD

Front 27

immun/o

Back 27

protection

Front 28

leukocyte

Back 28

while blood cell

Front 29

lymphocyte

Back 29

mononuclear leukocyte that produces antibodies

Front 30

macrophage

Back 30

migrate from blood to tissue spaces. As a phagocyte, it engulfs foreign material and debris. In the liver, spleen and bone marrow, they destroy worn out red blood cells

Front 31

megakaryocyte

Back 31

large platelet precursor cell found in the bone marrow

Front 32

monocyte

Back 32

leukocyte with one large nucleus. they become macrophages as they leave the blood and enter the body tissues

Front 33

mononuclear

Back 33

pertaining to a cell (leukocyte) with a single round nucleus; lymphocytes and monocytes are mononuclear leukocytes

Front 34

myeloblast

Back 34

immature bone marrow that gives rise to granulocytes

Front 35

neutrophil

Back 35

granulocytic leukocyte formed in bone marrow. it is a phagocytic tissue-fighting cell. also called polymorphonuclear leukocyte

Front 36

plasma

Back 36

liquid portion of blood; contains water, proteins, salts, nutrients, lipids, hormones, and vitamins

Front 37

platelet

Back 37

small blood fragment that collects at sites of injury to begin the clotting process

Front 38

polymorphonuclear

Back 38

pertaining to a white blood cell with a multilobed nucleus; neutrophil

Front 39

prothrombin

Back 39

plasma protein; converted to thrombin in the clotting process

Front 40

reticulocyte

Back 40

immature erythrocyte. A network of strands (reticulin) is seen after staining the cell with special dyes

Front 41

Rh factor

Back 41

antigen on red blood ells of Rh-positive individuals.

Front 42

serum

Back 42

plasma minus clotting proteins and cells. it is formed from plasma, but does not contain protein-coagulation factors

Front 43

stem cell

Back 43

unspecialized cell that gives rise to mature, specialized forms.

Front 44

hematopoietic stem cell

Back 44

progenitor for all different types of blood cells

Front 45

thrombin

Back 45

enzyme that converts fibrinogen to fibrin during coagulation

Front 46

thrombocyte

Back 46

platelet

Front 47

bas/o

Back 47

base (alkaline, the opposite of acid)

Front 48

chrom/o

Back 48

color

Front 49

coagul/o

Back 49

clotting

Front 50

cyt/o

Back 50

cell

Front 51

hypochromic

Back 51

decrease concentration of hemoglobin in red blood cells

Front 52

eosin/o

Back 52

red, dawn rosy

Front 53

erythr/o

Back 53

red

Front 54

-blast

Back 54

immature

Front 55

granul/o

Back 55

granules

Front 56

hem/o

Back 56

blood

Front 57

hemolysis

Back 57

destruction or breakdown of red blood cells

Front 58

hemoglobin/o

Back 58

hemoglobin

Front 59

is/o

Back 59

same, equal

Front 60

anisocytosis

Back 60

abnormality of red blood cells; unequal size (anis/o) -cytosis means and increase in the number of cells

Front 61

kary/o

Back 61

nucleus

Front 62

leuk/o

Back 62

white

Front 63

mon/o

Back 63

one, single

Front 64

morph/o

Back 64

shape, form

Front 65

myel/o

Back 65

bone marrow

Front 66

myelodysplasia

Back 66

preleukemic condition

Front 67

neutr/o

Back 67

neutral (neither base nor acid)

Front 68

nucle/o

Back 68

nucleus

Front 69

phag/o

Back 69

eat, swallow

Front 70

poikil/o

Back 70

varied, irregular

Front 71

sider/o

Back 71

iron

Front 72

spher/o

Back 72

globe, round

Front 73

pherocytosis

Back 73

erythrocyte has a round shape, making the cell fragile and easily able to be destroyed

Front 74

thromb/o

Back 74

clot

Front 75

-apheresis

Back 75

removal , carrying away

Front 76

-blast

Back 76

immature or embryonic cell

Front 77

-cytosis

Back 77

abnormal condition of cell (increase in cells)

Front 78

-emia

Back 78

blood condition

Front 79

-gen

Back 79

giving rise to; producing

Front 80

-globin

Back 80

protein

Front 81

-globulin

Front 82

-lytic

Back 82

pertainig to destruction

Front 83

-oid

Back 83

derived or originating from

Front 84

-osis

Back 84

abnormal condition

Front 85

-penia

Back 85

deficiency

Front 86

-phage

Back 86

eat, swallow

Front 87

-philia

Back 87

attraction for (an increase in cell numbers)

Front 88

-phoresis

Back 88

carrying tramission

Front 89

-poiesis

Back 89

formation

Front 90

-stasis

Back 90

stop,control

Front 91

anemia

Back 91

deficieny in erythrocytes or hemoglobin

Front 92

aplastic anemia

Back 92

failure of blood cell production in the bone marrow

Front 93

pancytopenia

Back 93

when stem cells fail to produce leukocytes, platelets, and erythrocytes

Front 94

thalassemia

Back 94

inherited disorder of abnormal hemoglobin production leading to hypochromia

Front 95

Poikilocytosis

Back 95

Irregularity in the shape of red blood cells

Front 96

Hemolytic anemia

Back 96

Reduction in red blood cells due to excessive destruction

Front 97

Pernicious anemia

Back 97

Lack of mature erythrocytes caused by the inability to absorb vitamin B12 into the blood stream

Front 98

Hemochromatosis

Back 98

Excess iron deposits throughout the body

Front 99

Polycythemia vera

Back 99

General increase in red blood cells (erythemia)

Front 100

Hypochromic

Back 100

Decreased concentration of hemoglobin in red blood cells

Front 101

Leukemia

Back 101

Increase in cancerous white blood cells

Front 102

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML)

Back 102

Immature granulocytes predominate . Infiltration of large numbers of myoblasts

Front 103

Acute lymphoid leukemia (ALL)

Back 103

Immature lymphocytes predominate. Children and adolescents. Onset sudden

Front 104

Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML)

Back 104

Both mature and immature granulocytes present in large numbers. Slow progressive

Front 105

Chronic lymphoid leukemia (CLL)

Back 105

Abnormal numbers of mature lymphocytes predominate in the marrow, lymph nodes, and spleen. Occurs in the elderly