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43 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Neutophils |
Phagocytosis Intracellular killing First responders Chemotaxis 80% oh wbcs |
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Eosinophils |
Extra cellular killing Parasites (larger than cells) Insects-red bugs Increase allergic response 2% differential |
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Basophils |
Mast cells (tissue) Blue granules Histamine release by granules Allergic reactions >1% differential |
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Monocytes |
Macrophages (tissue) Phagocytosis Increased in viral infections >5% of differential |
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Lymphocytes |
Natural killer cells Attacks abnormal cells 20% of differential Release perforin to lyse cell, Release granzymes to induce apoptosis B and T cells |
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Second line defenses |
Inflammation Phagocytosis Fever Antimicrobial substances |
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Antimicrobial substances |
Interferon Complement Iron binding proteins Antimicrobial protein |
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The inflammatory response responds to |
Injury Infection Allergens |
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The inflammatory response is characterized by |
Increase temp Redness Swelling Pain |
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The inflammatory response purpose |
Destroy pathogens Confine pathogens Repair tissue |
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Inflammatory response for wounds |
Vasoconstriction/vasodilation Increased permeability Cytokines/ chemical mediators |
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Chemo taxis |
Movement in response to chemical Neutrophils and monocytes |
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Margination |
Phagocytes stick to inner surface of blood vessels |
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Diapedesis |
Phagocytes move/squeeze between endothelial cells and tissue |
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Mediators/ cytokines Histamines |
Released by injuries tissue and wbcs Vasodilation Permeability of wbcs |
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Mediators/cytokines ProstAglandes |
Released by injuries tissue Diapedesis |
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Mediators/cytokines Leukotrienes |
Release of mast cells and basophils Immune modulator |
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Mediator/ cytokines Complement |
Made by the liver |
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Monocytes become.. |
Macrophages |
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Phagocytosis |
Intercellular killing Adherence, ingestion, digestion |
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Adherence |
Opsonins coat Pamp and tlr |
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ingestion |
phagosome |
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digestion |
phagolysosome |
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opsinization |
process of covering/ coating bacteria, inhances phagocytosis |
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pamp binds to ... |
pamp receptor |
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antibodies acts as an |
opsin |
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pamps |
Pathogens Associated Molecular Patterns shared among diff pathogens Pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) binds to pamps example- toll like receptor |
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pamps |
peptidogylcan (cell wall) lipopolysaccharides(lps) bacterial dna viral rna ( double stranded) |
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fever |
systemic response 37 degrees C hypothalamus regulates pyrogens cause fevers -bacteria -endotoxins -viruses |
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fever process |
macrophage release interleukin-1 (IL-1) IL-1 at hypothalamus stimulates neurons to release prostaglandins resets thermostat |
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fever purpose |
slow growth prevention of bacteria access to host IRON increase metabolism to stimulate immune response make one feel ill |
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interferon (IFN) |
alpha and beta interferes with viral infection secreted by virus infected cell anti-viral proteins alpha 2- hvc boost immune |
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interferon |
protein from virus infected cell warns other cells produces anti-viral protein various type of interferon (alpha/beta) boost immune system PEG interferion used to treat chronic infections -HBV -HCV |
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Complement Pathway cascade classical pathway |
antibody induced all complement proteins used 9 complement proteins to lyse bacteria |
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opsonization by |
C3b (enhance) |
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inflammation by |
C3a (phagocytosis) |
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opsonization coating bacteria with |
antibody
C3b opsonins |
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Membrane attack complex (MAC) |
causes cytolysis forms hole in bacteria RBCs lyse / bacteria lyse |
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complement |
inactivated serum proteins C1-C9 activated in cascade cytolysis stimulates inflammatory and phagocytic responses |
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complement types |
classical pathway -ag-ab interaction alternative pathway - endotoxin lectin pathway |
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proteins for classical |
9 |
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proteins for lectin and alternative |
8 |
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antimicrobial peptides |
AMPS produced by many cells variety of activities form pores-> cell lysis inhibit cell wall snythesis causes lyse of bacterial |
