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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What nerve is responsible for the cutaneous innervation of the face?
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Trigeminal nerve (CN 5)
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What arteries supply blood to the face?
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External carotid artery, branching into the facial and superficial temporal arteries
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Which branch of the carotid artery runs deep to the parotid gland and sends branches into the face?
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Superficial temporal artery
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Where do the muscles of facial expression insert?
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Into the skin
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What are Langer's lines?
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Facial creases made by muscles of facial expression; any surgical incisions should be made along those lines
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What are the two "landmark" muscles (round)?
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1. Orbicularis oculi: closes eye
2. Orbicularis oris: deep to lips; lip movement |
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What are the two "nose" muscles?
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1. Procerus: transverse wrinkling of the skin between the eyes (frown)
2. Compressor and dilator naris: compress/dilate nostrils |
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What are the two "zygomatic" muscles?
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1. Zygomatic major
2. Zygomatic minor *Both draw angle of the mouth laterally and superiorly (smile)* |
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What are the two lip elevators?
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1. Levator labii superioris: elevate lip
2. Levator labii superioris / Alaeque nasi: elevate lip and dilate nostril |
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What are the two muscles at the angle of the mouth?
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1. Levator anguli oris: elevates angle of mouth
2. Depressor anguli oris: depresses angle of mouth |
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What are the two lower lip muscles?
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1. Depressor labii inferioris: depresses lower lip
2. Mentalis: wrinkle skin of chin (mental = chin) *Both help protrude lower lip (pouting)* |
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What innervates the muscles of facial expression?
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CN 7(facial)
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Where is the facial nerve located? What is the clinical significance of this?
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It passes through the parotid gland. An infection of the parotid gland could compress CN 7 and cause facial paralysis on the ipsilateral side = Bell's palsy
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What are the two muscles with the cheek?
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1. Buccinator: compress cheek and accessory muscle of mastication
2. Risorius: draws angle of mouth laterally (sometimes absent) |
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What are the two "top" muscles?
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1. Frontalis: raise eyebrow and wrinkle skin of forehead
2. Occipitalis: anchors frontalis; can bring scalp backwards |
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What muscles are the two exceptions?
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1. Platysma: tenses skin of neck
2. Corrugator: draws eyebrow downward and medialward (frown) |
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What are the layers of the scalp (ext. to int.)?
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Skin
CT Aponeurosis (galea aponeurotica) Loose CT Periosteum |
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What is the clinical significance of the connective tissue under the skin?
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It is very dense and prevents blood vessels from retracting/closing with a scalp laceration. This is why scalp lacerations usually cause profuse bleeding.
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What layer of the scalp permits movement?
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Loose CT
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