Biomechanics Quiz 1

Front 1

Kinesiology

Back 1

the study of motion

Front 2

Physical Therapy

Back 2

the assessment and treatment of pain and motor dysfuction

Front 3

motion as a cause of dysfuction

Back 3

overuse injury, loose shoulder

Front 4

motion as a sign of dysfuction

Back 4

parkinsons disease, stroke, neuro

Front 5

motion as a cure for dysfuction

Back 5

providing exercise, stretching...

Front 6

kinesiology includes four components

Back 6

neuroscience, exercise physiology, motor control, and biomechanics

Front 7

biomechanics

Back 7

the study of forces that are applied to the outside and inside of the body, and the body's reaction to those forces.

Front 8

Rigid body mechanics

Back 8

how much force the body needs to resist movement. Not interested in how it deforms
Ex: position, velocity, acceleration, force, power, motion/loading of joints and segments

Front 9

fluid body mechanics

Back 9

forces acting on fluids, like the blood cells through the capillaries

Front 10

Deformable body mechanics

Back 10

looking at teh tensile/compressive stress. How much force is needed to make it bend, or break?
Ex: stress, strain, stiffness, tissue level (how the stress plays out at the tissue level)

Front 11

Rigid body mechanics
1. Statics:
2. Dynamics:

Back 11

Statics: not moving but still there is force being applied
Dynamics: movement when force is applied

Front 12

Dynamics have two components

Back 12

1. Kinematics (motion itself... velocity, acceleration)
2. Kinetics (force)

Front 13

Statics has only one component

Back 13

1. Kinetics (force)

Front 14

Kinematics

Back 14

the study of the description of motion in 2 or 3 dimentional space. This is not in consideration of the forces that produced it.
-- It is relavent in time, need to see the movement relative to time

Front 15

Kinematic variables (5)

Back 15

time, position, displacement, velocity, acceleration

Front 16

velocity

Back 16

chance in position/ change in time
(is the slope of a displacement graph)

Front 17

acceleration

Back 17

change in velocity/ change in time
(slope of a velocity graph)

Front 18

Types of motion:

Back 18

1. Linear
2. Angular

Front 19

Linear

Back 19

linear, and curvilinear (when the head is bobbing up and down but translating across the room when you're walking)

Front 20

Angular

Back 20

shoulder flexion. Fixed point, with motion distally. Most joints have this

Front 21

Human motion

Back 21

is usually a combination of both linear and angular motion

Front 22

translatory and rotary motion

Back 22

not either linear or angular, but more of a combination of the two

Front 23

frontal plane movement

Back 23

abduction/adduction.
side flexion
inversion/eversion
radial/ulnar deviation

Front 24

sagittal plane

Back 24

flexion/extension
dorsiflexion/plantarflexion
counternutation

Front 25

transverse plane

Back 25

rotation (internal/external, medial/lateral)
horizontal abduction/ adduction
away and towards the midline in the transverse plane

Front 26

axis of rotation

Back 26

bones rotate about an axis of rotation. It is perpendicular to the plane of motion
it is usually on the convex surface

Front 27

convex/concave surface

Back 27

convex surfaces= roll and slide oppositely
concave surfaces= roll and slide in the same direction

Front 28

arthrokinematics

Back 28

roll (multiple surfaces on multiple surfaces), slide (multiple surfaces on one surface), spin (one surface on one surface)

Front 29

open kinematics-
closed kinematics

Back 29

open= distal end moving
closed= distal end fixed

Front 30

accessory motions

Back 30

linear translations (anterior/posterior), (medial/lateral), (superior/inferior), (compression/distraction)

Front 31

clinical application of accessory motions

Back 31

hypermobile (too much)
hypomobile (too little)

Front 32

degrees of freedom
(total)
angular
linear

Back 32

6 total
3 linear
3 angular

Front 33

scalar variable

Back 33

only has a magnitude, mass and/or distance

Front 34

vector

Back 34

has a magnitude and a direction (velocity, force, moment)

Front 35

adding/subtracting vectors

Back 35

always go head to tail, first, second thirt and so on vectors...

Front 36

qualitative

Back 36

description (increased/decreased motion, weak/strong muscles)

Front 37

quantitative

Back 37

angles, forces (numbers)

Front 38

biomechanics research tools

Back 38

motion capture, force plates

Front 39

Newton's first law

Back 39

an object in motion tends to stay in motion unless external forces act on it

Front 40

Newton's second law

Back 40

F= ma

Front 41

Newton's third law

Back 41

for every action there is an equal and opposite reaction

Front 42

right triangle... pythagorean theorem

Back 42

a2+b2= c2