Biomechanics

Front 1

The term for different substances having differing abilities to conduct or transmit heat

Back 1

thermal conductivity

Front 2

creates a current as the warm air rises and cool air falls

Back 2

convection

Front 3

the ability of a substance to conduct heat

Back 3

thermal conductivity

Front 4

the transfer of heat by electromagnetic waves

Back 4

radiation

Front 5

the displacement of cool air by warm air

Back 5

convection

Front 6

a complex physiological process in which the body maintains a temperature that is optimal for survival

Back 6

thermoregulation

Front 7

the transfer of heat from one substance to another by the natural movement of molecules, which sets other molecules in motion

Back 7

conduction

Front 8

what are the four states of matter

Back 8

liquid, solid, gas, plasma

Front 9

what is the difference between direct and alternating current

Back 9

direct flows in one direction from one charged pole to the other.
in alternating, the direction of the flow change back and forth within the circut

Front 10

a pure substance composed of atoms, each with the same number of protons

Back 10

element

Front 11

a positively charged subatomic particle that is part of the nucleus of an atom

Back 11

proton

Front 12

one of the three states of properties of a substance in which the temperature reached the melting point

Back 12

liquid

Front 13

a state of matter in which the molecules are bonded very tightly

Back 13

solid

Front 14

a discrete unit made of matter consisting of charged particles

Back 14

atom

Front 15

a charged particle created when an atom loses or gains an electron

Back 15

ion

Front 16

an atom of specific element with the correct number of electrons and protons but a different number of neutrons

Back 16

isotope

Front 17

a specific substance made up of elements that are bonded together

Back 17

molecule

Front 18

a subatomic particle located in the nucleus of the atom

Back 18

neutron

Front 19

a negatively charged particle that orbits the nucleus of an atom

Back 19

electron

Front 20

a concave lens bends light rays toward the center

Back 20

false

Front 21

the "nonhuman" aspects of surgical technology draw most heavily from the field of mechanics

Back 21

true

Front 22

the nucleus or center of the atom has two main particles, the neutron and the proton

Back 22

true

Front 23

regardless of the number of electrons or neutrons an atom has, the atomic number of the element remains the same

Back 23

true

Front 24

the periodic table lists all known elements according to their mass and electronic behavior

Back 24

true

Front 25

velocity is the speed of a moving object measured as distance over time

Back 25

true

Front 26

an example of a wave is a disturbance in the flow of the air

Back 26

true

Front 27

if waves are not exactly the same, but rather vary in size and shape, they are said to be coherent

Back 27

false

Front 28

Nearly all biomedical devices require electricity as their power source

Back 28

true

Front 29

electricity is formed when electrons move from atom to atom

Back 29

true

Front 30

free electrons flow through conductive material in a continuous path, each electron "pushing" the one ahead of it.

Back 30

circuit

Front 31

the natural attractive force of masses in the universe defines _____

Back 31

gravitational energy

Front 32

which of the following is the smallest?
electron, proton, neutron, atomic nucleus

Back 32

electron

Front 33

the atomic number of an element corresponds to the element's _____

Back 33

number of protons

Front 34

organic compounds all have molecules that contain the element ________

Back 34

carbon

Front 35

"mass x velocity" is the equation for

Back 35

momentum

Front 36

the distance around a circle is called the ___

Back 36

circumference

Front 37

potential energy is also referred to as

Back 37

stored energy

Front 38

the ______ protects the circuit from a "short" or fault in the system.

Back 38

ground wire

Front 39

when light rays encounter some surfaces, they can reverse direction; this is called ______

Back 39

reflection

Front 40

combined weight of an atom's protons and neutrons

Back 40

atomic weight

Front 41

particles that are smaller than atoms physical components of an atom, neutron, proton, electron

Back 41

subatomic particles

Front 42

mathematical relationship between the weight and velocity of a mass

Back 42

momentum

Front 43

power or force generated by various types of natural occurrences

Back 43

energy

Front 44

in an atom, the negatively-charged particles are called _____

Back 44

electrons

Front 45

which particles are found in the nucleus of an atom?

Back 45

neutron and proton

Front 46

which one is not a conductor of electrical energy.
water, copper, carbon, or rubber

Back 46

rubber

Front 47

the measurement of the amount of current flowing past a given point in a circuit in one second is called ______

Back 47

amps or ampules

Front 48

which type of electrical energy is measured in Hertz?

Back 48

frequency

Front 49

What are the properties of a wave?

Back 49

the crest, the highest point; the trough, the lowest point

Front 50

How is ultrasound used in diagnostic imaging?

Back 50

sound waves with a frequency higher than those perceived by the human ear are transmitted through a medium and the return signal is transduced into a visual image

Front 51

The relative ability of a substance to transmit free electrons or electricity is _____

Back 51

conductivity

Front 52

why do electrons follow a conductive path?

Back 52

allows free electrons to move with out a problem

Front 53

what is insulation

Back 53

prevents electricity from seeking an alternate path
acts a barrier
provides a path for electrical current

Front 54

Caused by natural vibrations of molecules that make up a substance
example-saline irrigation solution is placed in a fluid warmer

Back 54

Conduction

Front 55

what is the difference between bipolar and monopolar electrosurgery?

Back 55

monopolar uses a grounding pad.
bipolar has two prongs, eliminating the need to use a grounding pad

Front 56

Competence in surgical technology requires both the __________________ and ___________________.

Back 56

Human element
technical expertise

Front 57

_________ is the study of motion and objects

Back 57

mechanics

Front 58

matter can exist in what three forms?

Back 58

liquid, solid, gas

Front 59

what is the most common form of energy used in medical devices?

Back 59

electrical

Front 60

this is a result of energy and work

Back 60

motion

Front 61

heat transfer by the natural movement of heated air or water over a cooler surface.
example-radiator generates heat to the cool areas of a room

Back 61

convection

Front 62

heat given off from its source as electromagnetic energy
example-baby warmers

Back 62

radiation

Front 63

a substance with low or no conductivity is called an _______

Back 63

insulator

Front 64

what are the components of a DC circuit?

Back 64

source or electricity (battery), conductor (wire), load (bulb)

Front 65

an electrical circuit that flows in one direction from one charged pole to another is referred to as _________

Back 65

direct current

Front 66

the direction of the flow that changes back and forth within the circuit is called?

Back 66

alternating current

Front 67

energy is never lost or destroyed, but it can be transformed from one form to another.

Back 67

True

Front 68

the nucleus of the atom contains two main particles: neutron and proton

Back 68

true

Front 69

this is a discrete unit made of matter consisting of charged particles

Back 69

atom

Front 70

what is a crest?

Back 70

positive or highest point on a wave

Front 71

the negative or lowest point on a wave is called ______

Back 71

the trough

Front 72

a lens that is thinner at the middle than around the edges and causes the light to diverge or spread.

Back 72

concave lens

Front 73

this is the exact location where light rays converge after passing through a convex lens

Back 73

focal point

Front 74

when heat transfer from one substance to another by the natural movement of molecules that sets other molecules in motion, we call this ___________

Back 74

conduction

Front 75

what is a ground wire?

Back 75

it protects the circuit from a "short" or fault in the system, such as when the active and neutral wires come into direct contact