Biology Unit 1

Front 1

What is Biology?

Back 1

biology is the scientific study of life.

Front 2

The Five Basic Themes In Biology.

Back 2

1. All life is based on chemistry
2. All life is based on cells, the smallest unit structure & function
3. All life uses the same genetic code
4. All life evolves by natural selection
5. All life is interconnected

Front 3

What Are the Characteristics of Life?

Back 3

1. Growth
2. Locomotion
3. Reproduction
4. Development
5. Responding to the environment through sense organs
6. Self-Regulation
7. Metabolism
8. Capacity for Evolution

Front 4

Levels of Organization:
Subatomic Particles

Back 4

Particles that make up an atom
Examples: Protons, neutrons, and electrons

Front 5

Levels of Organization:
Atoms

Back 5

The smallest particle of an element that retains the properties of an element
Examples: Gold, Carbon, Hydrogen, and Oxygen.

Front 6

Levels of Organization:
Molecule

Back 6

A combination of atoms
Examples: NaCl, DNA, RNA, and H2O.

Front 7

Levels of Organization:
Organelle

Back 7

Structures within cells that perform specific functions.
Examples: Nucleus, Chloroplasts, and mitochondrion

Front 8

Levels of Organization:
Cell

Back 8

The smallest unit of life
Example: Nerve Cell, Muscle cell, and adipose (fat) cell.

Front 9

Levels of Organization:
Tissue

Back 9

A group of similar cells that perform a specific function
Example: Cardiac Muscle Tissue

Front 10

Levels of Organization:
Organ

Back 10

A structure normally composed of several tissue types that form a functional unit
Examples: Heart, Lungs, Brain and Kidney

Organ System: Two or more organs working together in the execution of a specific bodily function
Examples: Circulatory, respiration, nervous, and urinary systems.

Front 11

Levels of Organization:
Multicellular Organism

Back 11

An individual living organism composed of many cells
Examples: Humans, Frogs and Zebra

Front 12

Levels of Organization:
Population

Back 12

Members of one species inhabiting the same area
Example: herd of zebra

Front 13

Levels of Organization:
Community

Back 13

Two of more populations of different species living and interacting the same area
Examples: Desert, Woodlands & Wetlands
Ecosystem : A community together with it abiotic (non living) surroundings
Examples: Plants, animals, rocks, soil & water

Front 14

Levels of Organization:
Biosphere

Back 14

Part of the Earth inhabited by living organisms; includes all the living and non-living components *all ecosystems*
Example: Earth

Front 15

Scientific Method

Back 15

1. Observations
--Example: Raw Onions Cause Sickness
2. Questions:
--Example Why do Raw onions cause food poisoning
3. Hypothesis
--Ex. Tenative, testable, explanation of an observed phenomenon proven false
4. Prediction
5. Experiment
6. Conclusion

Front 16

Experimental Variable, Independent Variable, Dependent Variable

Back 16

Experimental Variable: component being tested (2 types: dependent, independent)
Independent Variable: Variable that the investigator manipulates plotted on X axis
Dependent Variable: variable changes due to manipulation of independent variable plotted on Y axis.

Front 17

Experimental Group, Control Group

Back 17

Experimental Group: Group that receives the experimental variable
Control Group: Group that doesn't receive the experimental variable

Front 18

Matter & Element

Back 18

Matter: Anything that takes up space and has mass
Ex: cell, metal, gases
+ Mass Vs. Weight:: the mass of an object never changes
Element: Matter that cant be broken down to other substances by ordinary physical or chemical processes
Ex: Anything on the Periodic Table

Front 19

Atoms & Properties of an Element &Compound

Back 19

Atoms: The smallest unit of matter that still retains the properties of an element
Properties of An Element:: Color, Density, Melting/Boiling Point, conductivity, Malleability, Ductility
Compound
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-
-
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Front 20

Producers & Consumers

Back 20

Producers: Plants and other photosynthetic organisms. Provide Food.
Consumers:: Eat plants and other animals. Take in oxygen and release carbon dioxide.

Front 21

Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cell

Back 21

Prokaryotic: cells. Bacteria
Eukaryotic Cell: Forms of life. plants and animals