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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Sucrose |
Glucose + fructose |
Word equation |
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Lactose |
Glucose + galactose |
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Maltose |
Glucose + glucose |
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Monosaccharides |
Glucose Galactose Fructose Ribose |
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Disaccharides |
Sucrose Lactose Maltose |
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Polysaccharides |
Cellulose Starch Glycogen |
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Condensation reaction |
Joins 2 molecules - form chemical bond + produces water |
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Hydrolysis |
Break chemical bond between 2 molecules + uses a water molecule |
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Amylose structure |
Unbranched chain of glucose molecules |
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Amylopectin structure |
Branched , many side branches which can be acted simultaneously by many enzymes + broken down to release energy |
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Starch properties |
Insoluble ( not draw in water by osmosis ) -compact = lot of energy stored in a small place -when hydrolysed = releases alpha glucose that can be transported easily (use in respiration ) |
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Alpha glucose (isomer ) |
Starch Glycogen |
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Beta glucose |
Cellulose |
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Glycogen properties |
-large but contact -insoluble -energy released quickly |
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Glycogen structure |
Highly branched (similar to amylopectin )! |
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Cellulose structure |
-long unbranched chains joined by glycosidic bonds -has microfibrils |
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What is a microfibril |
Strong threads made of long cellulose chains running parallel that are joined together by hydrogen bonds forming strong cross linkages |
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What is the process when glycogen is broken down to release glucose |
Glycogenolysis |
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Cellulose properties |
Insoluble so stops call wall from bursting under osmotic pressure. - so stays turgid and rigid to maximise surface area of plants for photosynthesis |
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Monomer examples |
Amino acids Monosaccharides Nucleotides |
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Polymer examples |
Proteins Starch DNA |
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What is an isomer ? |
Same molecular formula but a different arrangement of atoms in space (structure ) |
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