Biology Test 5

Front 1

What are characteristics of almost all plants?

Back 1

Multi-celled

Fixed in one spot

Photosynthetic

Have cell walls reproduce through an alteration of generations

Front 2

What is the relationship to the gases is in the atmosphere?

Back 2

Oxygen-produced by the plant and released into the atmosphere. Carbon dioxide-taken up by the plant and turned into sugars.

Nitrogen-cannot be used directly, must be altered by bacteria in the soil, then taken up by the plant.

Front 3

What organelle is found in plant cells that is not in animal cells?

Back 3

Chloroplasts

Front 4

An alteration of generations, what are the names of the two generations?

Back 4

Sporophyte and gametophyte

Front 5

Which one is diploid?

Back 5

Sporophyte

Front 6

Which one produces sex cells?

Back 6

Gametophyte

Front 7

What is the name of the reproductive cell produced by the sporophyte?

Back 7

Spore

Front 8

In most plants, the sporophyte plant is the one we are most familiar with. In which plant group is the gametophyte plant the most conspicuous?

Back 8

Bryophytes (mosses)

Front 9

What are the four plant groups?

Back 9

Bryophytes

Seedless vascular plants

Gymnosprems

Angiosperm

Front 10

Which of them do not have vascular tissues for couching water?

Back 10

All four gametophyte plants are without vascular tissues, and the sporophyte generation of bryophytes does not have vascular tissue.

Front 11

How does the speed find the egg in the four groups?

Back 11

Swimming in mosses and ferns, blown by wind in gymnosperms, animal pollination in angiosperms.

Front 12

What is a seed?

Back 12

A sporophyte embryo surrounded by a food supply and covered by a protective coat.

Front 13

How does pollination increase the chances of fertilization in angiosperms compared to gymnosperms?

Back 13

Animals pick up pollen from one flower and take it to another flower in angiosperms; in angiosperms; the pollen is carried in any direction by the wind.

Front 14

What things do angiosperms use to attract pollinators?

Back 14

Flower colors and patterns

Fragrance

Nectar

Front 15

Structures on gymnosperms that produce pollen and eggs are called______________.

Back 15

Cones

Front 16

What is a fruit?

Back 16

An edible covering for the seeds-found only in angiosperms

Front 17

A pollen grain contains two kinds of cells. What are they?

Back 17

Speed and pollen tube cell

Front 18

A plant grows toward light. This is called________________.

What hormone is involved?

Back 18

Phototropism

Auxin

Front 19

What effect does the hormone have?

Back 19

Causes the shaded side to grow faster than the light side

Front 20

Roots grow down, shoots grow up. This is calles____________.

Back 20

Gravitropism

Front 21

Photoperiodism is the plant's adjusting its growth to the day/night cycle. What is the critical factor?

Back 21

Length of darkness

Front 22

When would a short-day plant flower?

Back 22

Short day plant are long night plants. They would flower when nights got longer - late summer or fall.

Front 23

What are the functions of roots?

Back 23

Anchor the plant

Absorb water and nutrients

Store food

Front 24

What are the functions of shoots?

Back 24

Produce leaves for photosynthesis

Raises leaves to get more sun

Resist gravity

Produces flower

Seeds and fruit

Store food

Front 25

The purpose of:

1 Dermal tissue-

2 Vascular tissue-

3 Meristematic tissue-

4 Ground tissue-

Back 25

1 to cover the plant

2 to conduct water and food around the plant

3 site of plant growth

4 support and storage for the plant

Front 26

What does it mean to be a monocotyledon?

Back 26

When the sees germinates

The emerging shoot has only one leaf

Front 27

Ground, dermal and vascular tissue are all produced by apical meristems. Where are they found?

Back 27

At the tips of shoots and the tips of roots, at the junction of the leaf with the stem.

Front 28

The place on the stem where the leaf attaches is called the_______________?

Back 28

Node

Front 29

The area of the stem between one leaf attaches is called the______________?

Back 29

Internode

Front 30

What hormone causes an increase in growth in this area?

Back 30

Gibberellin

Front 31

Most leaves have a short stalk that attaches them to the stem called a___________?

Back 31

Petiole

Front 32

The angle between the leaf attachment and the stem contains a structure called the_______________. What develops from this structure?

Back 32

Lateral bud

Branches

Front 33

What is the name of the cell type in meristems?

Back 33

Stem cell

Front 34

What are stomata?

Back 34

Paired guard cells on the bottom of leaves that can open and close

Front 35

What are functions of stomata?

Back 35

Open to let water vapor out of leaves

Let oxygen out of leaves

Let carbon dioxide into leaves

Close to prevent water loss

Front 36

What are the stimuli for opening or closing of stomata?

Back 36

Light to open, darkness or dryness to close

Front 37

Process that moves water from the soil city plant is called________________.

Does this process require ATP?

Back 37

Transpiration

No

Front 38

The water enters the plant at the____________.

Back 38

Roots

Front 39

The water travels to the plant in the _____________.

Back 39

Xylem

Front 40

The water leaves the plant at the___________.

Back 40

Stomata

Front 41

Energy must be involved since water is being pulled up against gravity. Where does the energy come from?

Back 41

A drop in pressure occurs when liquid water turns to (evaporates) water vapor. The pressure drop acts as a section on the liquid water left behind.

Front 42

Food in a plant is mostly in what form?

It travels in what vessel?

Does this process require ATP?

Back 42

Sucrose

Phloem

Yes

Front 43

Where is the food made?

Back 43

Leaves

Front 44

The place where the food is made is called the source. The food is and transport it to where it is needed. These places are called___________?

Back 44

Sinks

Front 45

What is secondary growth?

Back 45

Increase in the diameter of the shoot and root.

Front 46

What tissue is responsible for secondary growth?

Back 46

Vascular cambium

Front 47

Increase in diameter of the shoot causes the dermal tissue to break apart and fall off. What replaces it?

Back 47

Bark

Front 48

Where does the new covering come from?

Back 48

Cork cambium

Front 49

Each year the vascular cambium produces new phloem to the outside and new xylem to the inside. The xylem from previous years is called____________?

Back 49

Wood

Front 50

What happens to the phloem from previous years?

Why?

Back 50

It is crushed by the new growth.

Phloem is soft, living cells. Xylem is made of hard cell wall left over from cells that have died.

Front 51

Lateral buds closest to the tips of the shoots do not grow into branches. Why not?

Back 51

Their growth is suppressed by auxin produced in the apical meristem at the tip of the shoot.

Front 52

What do lateral buds farther from the shoot tip grow into branches?

This kind of growth pattern is calls_________________.

Back 52

The concentration of auxin decreases with the distance from the shoot tip.

Apical dominance

Front 53

Why do plants have the conflict between lateral buds and the apical bud?

Back 53

Because the primary goal of the plan is to grow straight up to compete for sunlight.

Front 54

What hormone causes fruit to ripen?

Back 54

Ethylene