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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Protists obtain their nutritional needs in a variety of ways. Photosynethetic's food source |
derive energy from light |
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Parasitic food source |
take energy and nutrients from a host |
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Predatory food source |
consume prokaryotes and other protists |
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Detritivore food source |
consume dead organic particles |
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Mixotroph food source |
both prototrophic and heterotrophic |
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The endosymbiont theory has two main parts. What are they and what evolutionary characteristics does it explain? |
explains the diversity of protists and other eukaryote organisms. Endosymbiosis describes a process of engulfment of a smaller cell to gain particular traits. Primary endosymbiosis explains the origin of mitochondria from bacteria. Secondary endosymbiosis is the result of a eukaryote with a plasmid that was engulfed by another protist |
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Protists are diverse in species and function. They can be.... |
photosynthetic pathogens bacteria containing interactive in large numbers |
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Give an example of a large number of interactive protists in symbiosis |
Cellular slime molds are multicellular and interact in a large number of symbiosis to form colonies called slugs. these colonies move together to seek out a new environment and reproduce |
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What are the seven main groups of protists |
exavates hacrobians alveolates stramenopiles rhizarians archaeplastidans unikonts |
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Protists are |
diverse in species and function and include any eukaryote that is not a plant, animal or fungus |
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explain some protist functions |
some photosynthesize some consume bacteria many interact in a large number of symbioses some are pathogens |
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protists are usually _____ |
unicellular except for brown algae, slime molds etc. |
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What is the base of the aquatic food chain |
phytoplankton |
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What makes protists so diverse |
some protists photosynthesize, consume bacteria, interact in large number of symbiosis, and are pathogenic. They live in various ecosystems and play an important role in our biosphere |
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Mitosomes are closely related to mitochondria, but lack DNA |
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How can scientists differentiate between primary and secondary endosymbiosis |
Secondary creates plastids with more membranes than primary. Primary involves a eukaryote engulfing one organism, and secondary occurs when another eukaryote engulfs the first one. Since all cells have a cell membrane, engulfing other cells adds more membranes. |
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What type of environments do protists live in |
freshwater, saltwater, snow, and in hollow cords of polar bear hairs |
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phytoplankton are _______ or______ |
single celled, colonial eukaryotic photoautotrophs |
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describe the structure of a protist |
protists are an informal group that do not share a common ancestor. they can range from 0.5-2 microns and are as numerous as prokaryotes. however, they are not always unicellular |
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Multiple cell membranes around some plastids are evidence of |
secondary endosymbiosis |
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Summarize 7 supergroups of Eukaryotes; Excavates, Hacrobians, Alveolates, Stramenopiles, Rhizarians, Archaeplastidans and Unikonts. |
Excavates- organisms in this group can be heterotrophic or photosynthetic and include some human parasites Hacrobians- the main groups in this lineage are haptophytes and cryptophytes, many haptophytes surround their membrane with CaCO3 scales, which can be shed or sink once the organism dies. These scales are a major component of oceanic carbon deposition and make up chalk deposition Alveolates-flattened vesicles lying under the plasma membrane and are a feature that unites this lineage of unusual organisms Stramenopiles- organisms critical to many ecosystems such as diatoms, brown algae and several pathogens Rhizarians- include many amoebas that use bulging, threadlike pseudopodia to capture prey Archaeplastidans- Land plants and red and green algae are included in this photosynthetic group. Colonial phototrophic unicellular organisms such as Volvox and flowering plants Unikonts-this final group of the seven include animals, fungi and slime molds |
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Algae |
plastid-bearing photosynthetic eukaryotes |
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endosymbiosis |
an advanced stage of a symbiotic relationship in which one cell is irreverisibly incorporated into another
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secondary enosymbiosis |
process by which an organism that is already a product of endosymbiosis is being engulfed by another eukaryotic cell |
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Explain the process and the outcome of Endosymbiosis. |
Much of protist diversity originated from Endosymbiosis, which is the process which a unicellular prokaryote engulfs another prokaryote. Through evolutionary time, some of these ingested organisms survived being engulfed and became mutualistic endosymbionts. The ingested organisms eventually transformed into organelles, such as mitochondria and chloroplast |
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Protist |
the end |
