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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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7 Characteristics of Living Things
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Order, Regulation, Growth and Development, Energy Utilization, Response to Enviroment, Reproduction, Evolution
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Order
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all living things exhibit complex organizations
ex. stucture of sun flower |
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Regulation
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Environment outside an organism may change markedly, but mechanisms regulate an organism's internal enviroment, maintaining it w/in limits that sustain life. (ex.) regulation of amt. of blood flowing through blood vessels in lrg. ears of a jackrabbit, helps maintain bdy temp. by adjusting heat xchange w/ air.
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Growth and Development
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Inherited info. carried by genes controls an organsims pattern of growth and development.
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Energy Utilization
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Organisms take in evergy and transform it to perform all of life's activities.
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Response to Environment
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All organisms respond to environmental stimuli. (ex.) The venus
flytrap closes its trap rapidly in response to the environmental stimulus that a cricket landed on it. |
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Reproduction
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Organsisms reproduce their own kind. (ex.) Panda with its baby.
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Evolution
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Reproduction underlies the capacity of species to change (evolve) over time.
- has been a central, unifying feature of life since it arose about 4 bil yrs ago. |
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Classification of Organisms
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1/Domains (bacteria, archea,eukarya) 2/Kingdoms( fungi, plantae, animolia,
protista[bacteria],monera)3/Phylum 4/ Class 5/Order 6/Family 7/Genus 8/Species |
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Prokaryotes
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-unicelluar
-microscopic -most widespread of living organisms -ex. baceria and archea |
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Eukaryotes
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-has a nucleus
-organelles -ex. protists (algae) -make their own food |
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The Scientifc Method
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1/Obeservation
2/Question 3/Form a hypothesis 4/Prediction 5/Experimentation 6/Test Hypothesis |
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Scientific Theories
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General explanation of important natural phenomenon developed through extensive and reproducible observation.
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Ionic Bond
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-Two ions with opposite charges attract each other.
-donates and gains electrons -ex. Salt ( Na+, Cl- ~> NaCl) |
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Colvaent Bond
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-share one or more pairs of electrons.
-H2 + O2 = H2O |
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Hydrogen Bonds
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-always a hydrogen atom
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Acids
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-any substance that yields hydrogen ions when put in a solution.
-ex. coffee, vinger, urine |
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Bases
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-any substance accepts hydrogen ions when put into solution
-ex. NaOH, ammonia, oven cleaners, baking soda |
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Water
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-EXCELLENT SOLVENT
-interacts w/ many molecules -three forms: solid, liquid and gas |
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Carbohydrates
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-sugars = glucose
- simple monosaccharides= energy source 4 cells. -simple disaccharides= sucrose -complex polysaccharides= startch, glycotgen, cellulose, chitin |
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Lipids
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-Hygen=fats energy storage cholersterol
-fattly acids + glycerol -ex oils, fats, wax, steroids -first class fats,oils, waxes second class -phospholipids cell membrane have polar head that hydrophilic (water loving) -2 class nonpolar tails that are hydrophobic (water rearing) -third class steroids consis of carbon rings ex cholersterol hormones anabolic steroids |
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Proteins
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-Amino acids
1/Structural 2/Functional -Linked by peptide bonds |
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nucleic acids
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-nucleotides
- DNA > genetic materials >double helix -RNA > protein synthesis |
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DNA
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-4 nucleotides
1/PSA -adenines 2/PST- thymine 3/PSG- Guanine 4/PSC Cytosine |
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RNA
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-role in making proteins
-1 PSA Adnenine 2 PSU urcacil 3 PSG guanine 4 PSC cytosine |
