Biology/ Light Reactions/ Calvin Cycle

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Chloroplast

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organelle found in some plant cells and certain unicellular organisms where photosynthesis takes place

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Chlorophyll

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pigment that gives a chloroplast its green color; uses light energy to split water molecules during photosynthesis

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Stroma

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thick fluid contained in the inner membrane of a chloroplast

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Thylakoid

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disk-shaped sac in the stroma of a chloroplast; site of the light reactions of photosynthesis

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Light Reactions

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chemical reactions that convert the sun's energy to chemical energy; take place in the membranes of thylakoids in the chloroplast

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Calvin Cycle

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cycle in plants that makes sugar from carbon dioxide, H+ ions, and high-energy electrons carried by NADPH

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Wavelengths

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distance between adjacent waves

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Electromagnetic Spectrum

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range of types of electromagnetic energy from gamma waves to radio waves

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Pigment

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chemical compound that determines a substance's color

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Paper Chromatography

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laboratory technique used to observe the different pigments in a material

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Photosystem

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cluster of chlorophyll and other molecules in a thylakoid

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Carbon Cycle

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process by which carbon moves from inorganic to organic compounds and back

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Green House Effect

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process by which atmospheric gases trap heat close to Earth's surface and prevent it from escaping into space