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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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sex linkage
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the presence of a gene on a sex chromosome
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a linkage group is...
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genes located on one chromosome
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germ-cell mutations...
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occur in an organism's germ cells (gametes). Do not effect organism, effect offspring.
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somatic mutations
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take place in organisms body
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lethal mutation
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cause death, often before birth.
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List the chromosome mutations...
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deletion, inversion, translocation and nondisjucntion
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List the gene mutations...
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nucleotide deletion, nucleotide insertion, frame shift mutation, substitution
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The farther apart 2 genes are on the same chromosome, the likier they are to be seperated by....
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crossing over
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The closer together 2 genes are on a chromosome, the likelier they are to be...
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linked (inherited) together
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explain a frame-shift mutation
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causes the remaining codons to be incorectly grouped.
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carriers
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individuals who have one copy of a recessive autosomal allele.
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patterns of inheritance
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certain phenotypes that are usually repeated in a predicatble pattern from one generation to the next
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Contolled by a single allele (dominant)
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huntington's disease, polydactyly
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controlled by a single allele recessive
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cystic fibrosis, albinism
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x-linked...
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hemophilia, muscular dystrophy
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polygenic...
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skin, hair and eye
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multiple alleles...
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ABO blood groups
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a genetic marker is...
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a short section of DNA that is known to have close association with a particular gene located nearby
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monosomy
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a zygote with only one copy of a particular chromosome; 45 total
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How many chromsomes will a perosn have that has a nondisjunction mutation?
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47-45
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trisomy
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a zygote with three copies of a particular chromsome; has 47 total (DOWN SYNDROME)
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genetic screening
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an examination of a person's gentic makeup
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PKU
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dieseaseeee that harms the baby
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which baby genetic testing detects problems sooner?
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chrironic villi sampling
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