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11 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Pathogen defintion?
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Disease causing organism.
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Transmissible Disease definition?
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A disease in which pathogen can be passed form one host to the other.
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How can pathogen be transmitted?
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Through direct contact, through blood or other bodily fluids or indirectly, from contaminated surfaces, for, animals or air.
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What type of defenses does the body have?
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(Mechanical barriers; skin, hairs in nose) (Chemical barriers; mucus and stomach acid) (Cells; phagocytosis and antibody production by white blood cells.) (can all be enhanced by vaccination)
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What are antibodies?
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A blood protein produced in response to and counteracting a specific antigen. Antibodies combine chemically with substances that the body recognizes as alien, such as bacteria, viruses, and foreign substances in the blood.
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What are antigens?
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A toxin or other foreign substance that induces an immune response in the body, especially the production of antibodies.
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What are phagocytes?
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A type of cell within the body capable of engulfing and absorbing bacteria and other small cells and particles.
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What is active immunity?
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Defense against a pathogen by antibody production in the body.
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How is active immunity gained?
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After an infection by a pathogen, or by vaccination.
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Process of Vaccination?
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- harmless pathogen given which has antigens, antigens trigger an immune response by lymphocytes which produce antibodies, memory cells are produced that give long-term immunity.
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What is passive immunity?
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Short-term defence against a pathogen by antibodies acquired from another individual, e.g. mother to infant.
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