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39 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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karyotype
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organized form of a chromosome/the numbers shapes and sizes of the chrom.
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meiosis
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process of reduction/division in which number of chrom. per cell is cut in half
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synapsis
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the process of homologous sister chromosomes that allows them to form a tetrad
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spermatogenesis
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process in which male spermatogonium turn into sperm cell
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oogenesis
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process in which female oogonium turn into egg cell
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somatic cells
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cells that form the body of a human (opposite of gamete cell and zygotes)
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gametes
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spermatid and ootid
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supercoil
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the coil that the chromatin forms to make up the chromosome
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sexual reproduction
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the combined processes of meiosis and fertilization
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metaphase plate
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the plane or equator of the spindle
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cell plate
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the plane on which cytokenysis happens
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prophase, prophase 1, prophase 2
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know them
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metaphases
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know them
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anaphases
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know them
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telophases
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know them
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polar bodies (polocytes)
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part of oogenesis-- useless cells
3/4 of divisions are useless cells |
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ootid (egg)
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a haploid cell that quickly becomes an ovum. (created during second meiotic division)
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ovum (egg)
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a haploid reproductive cell (gamete)
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dyads
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sister chromatids
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tetrad
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homologous sister chromatids
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allele
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opposite forms of a gene
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crosses
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i have no idea what the definition would be.
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monohybrid
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4 things in punett square-- only 2 traits
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dihybrid
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16 in punett-- cross between 4 or more traits
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epistasis
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when phenotypic expression of one gene is affected by another
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dominant trait
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D
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recessive trait
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d
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First filial generation
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F1
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Second Filial Generation
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F2
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gene
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strand of DNA
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genotype
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specific makeup of cell (can't actually see)
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phenotype
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something that can actually be seen
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heterozygous
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Rr
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homozygous
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RR
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hemizygous
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only one gene (male)
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Human Genome Project
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was an international scientific research project with a primary goal to determine the sequence of chemical base pairs which make up DNA and to identify and map the approximately 20,000–25,000 genes of the human genome from both a physical and functional standpoint.
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hybrid
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offspring of crosses differing in one or more traits
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incomplete dominance
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IrIw ex: three colors
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codominance:
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IWIP three colors ex: white pink white-pink
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