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45 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Large numbers of ribosomes are present in cells that specialize in producing what molecule? |
Proteins |
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Motor proteins provide for molecular motion in cells by interacting with what types of cellular structures? |
Cytoskeletal structures |
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Hydrolytic enzymes must be segregated and packaged to prevent general destruction of cellular components. Which organelle contains these hydrolytic enzymes in animal cells? |
Lysosome |
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Which organelle is the primary site of ATP synthesis in eukaryotic cells? |
Mitochondria |
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What cell structure is not part of the endomembrane system? a. Mitochondria b. Plasma membrane c. ER d. Golgi apparatus |
a. Mitochondria |
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What is a major function of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum? |
Detoxify drugs and poisons |
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Which of the following is not a function of the extracellular Matrix? a. Regulation b. Support c. Defense d. Movement |
c. Defense |
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Which of the following is not a type of intercellular Junction? a. Gap junctions b. Desmosomes c. Tight junctions d. Cleavage furrow |
d. Cleavage furrow |
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True or false? Plant cells do have an extracellular matrix and a cell wall. |
True. |
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True or false? Plant cells lack mitochondria since they have chloroplast. |
False. |
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Which of the following is not a function of the cytoskeleton? a. Structure/ shape b. Communication c. Support d. Anchoring |
b. Communication |
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Which organelle is primarily responsible for making most of the cell's membranes? |
Rough endoplasmic reticulum |
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Which organelle in the cell is mostly responsible for packaging and shipping products within the cell? |
Golgi apparatus |
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What cellular structure maintains the shape of the nucleus? |
Nuclear lamina |
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What type of microscope would be used to view the smaller organelles of a cell? |
Transmission electron microscope |
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What types of molecules are the major structural components of the cell membrane? |
Phospholipids and proteins |
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What kinds of molecules pass through a cell membrane most easily? |
Small and hydrophobic |
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The presence of cholesterol in the plasma membranes of some animals... |
Enables the membrane to stay fluid more easily when cell temperature drops. |
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Water passes quickly through cell membranes because |
It moves through aquaporins in the membrane. |
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What transport process requires ATP? |
Bulk transport |
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What are the 3 stages or process of cell signaling? |
Reception, transduction, response |
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Solute concentration is less than that inside the cell; cell gains water |
Hypotonic |
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Solute concentration is the same as that inside the cell; no net water movement across the plasma membrane. |
Isotonic |
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Solute concentration is greater than that inside the cell; cell loses water |
Hypertonic |
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What term most precisely describes the cellular process of breaking down large molecules into smaller ones? |
Catabolism |
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Is the following statement true or false concerning anabolic pathways? They consume energy to build up polymers from monomers |
True. |
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Is the following statement true or false concerning enzymes? They function by increasing the activation energy of a chemical reaction. |
False. |
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The mechanism in which the end product of a metabolic pathway inhibits an earlier step in the pathway is most precisely described as |
Feedback inhibition |
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How does a noncompetitive inhibitor decrease the rate of an enzyme reaction? |
By changing the shape of the enzyme's active site |
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Zinc, an essential Trace element for most organisms is present in the active site of the enzyme carboxypeptidase. The zinc most likely functions as a |
Cofactor necessary for enzyme activity |
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The molecule that functions as the reducing agent in a redox or oxidation-reduction reaction |
Loses electrons and loses potential energy |
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Where does glycolysis take place in eukaryotic cells? |
Cytoplasm |
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Which process in eukaryotic cells will proceed normally whether oxygen is present or absent? |
Glycolysis |
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Which of the following produces the most ATP when glucose is completely oxidized to carbon dioxide and water? |
Oxidative phosphorylation (electron transport chain) |
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Fermentation consists of: |
Reactions to generate NAD+, generate alcohol or lactic acid by-product, and glycolysis |
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The final electron acceptor of the electron transport chain that functions in Aerobic oxidative phosphorylation is |
Oxygen |
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Approximately how many molecules of ATP are produced from the complete oxidation of one molecule of glucose in aerobic cellular respiration? |
30 |
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Which of these is a mismatch? a. Anabolic reaction: biosynthesis of macromolecule b. Catabolic reaction: requires ATP c. Catabolic reaction: exergonic reaction d. Anabolic reaction: endergonic reaction |
b. Catabolic reaction: requires ATP |
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Beta-oxidation is which macromolecule being broken down in glycolysis and used to generate acetyl-CoA? |
Lipids |
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Starting with one molecule of glucose, the end products of glycolysis are |
2 NADH, 2 pyruvate, and 2 ATP |
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The site of photosynthesis occurs |
In the chloroplast |
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True or false? Photosynthesis is an exergonic process and the energy is provided by light. |
False. |
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In the light phase of photosynthesis which of the following byproducts is not formed? a. ATP b. Glucose c. Water d. Oxygen |
b. Glucose |
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Carbon fixation occurs during which of the two stages of photosynthesis? |
The Calvin cycle |
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Is this statement true or false regarding the Calvin cycle of photosynthesis? The Calvin cycle builds sugar from smaller molecules by using ATP and the reducing power of electrons carried by NADPH. |
True. |
