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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Evolution |
change in a population over time |
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Darwin Trip |
Galapagos Islands on HMS Beagle (tortoise shells and bird beaks) |
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Natural Selection |
organisms with favorable variations pass it down to next generation and ultimately have a better chance of survival |
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Darwin |
Father of Evolution |
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Structural Adaptation |
mimicry and camoflauge |
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Physiological Adaptation |
change in an organisms metabolic processes (ex why some antibiotics don't work anymore) |
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Pieces of evidence for Darwin's Theory |
fossils, homologous structures,embryology, and geographical distribution |
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Fossils |
important source bc provide record of life and evolutionary history |
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homologous structures |
bones modified for functions but have similar structures |
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analogous structures |
body parts that don't have a common evolutionary origin but common functions |
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vestigial structure |
body structure in a present day organism that no longer serve its original purpose but was once useful to ancestors |
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embryology |
an embryo is the earliest stage of growth and development of both plants and animnals |
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geographical distribution |
species that are similar but are unrelated that are located in different parts of the world |
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mutations |
can result in useful variations and the new gene becomes part of the gene pool by process of natural selection |
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genetic equilibrium |
population is not evolving |
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genetic drift |
alterations of allelic frequencies in a population by chance events (disrupts genetic equilibrium) |
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populations evolve not |
individuals |
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gene pool |
all the alleles in of the populations genes |
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allelic frequency |
percentage of any specific allele in the gene pool |
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stabilizing selection |
natural selection that favors average individuals of a population (ex 5"4) |
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Directional Selection |
natural selection favors one of the extreme variations of that trait (ex 7"6 ) |
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Disruptive Selection |
individuals with either extreme of a trait's variations are selected for (ex 4"8 or 7"6) |
