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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Scientific theory |
explanation of some aspect of the natural world backed up by a lot of evidence and observation |
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Evolution |
cumulative change in the heritable characteristics of a population |
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Cumulative Change |
small changes over many generations |
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Heritable |
Genetic traits that can be passed on |
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Population |
Group of the same species which live in a certain geographical area and have the capability of interbreeding |
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Homologous structures |
structures with similarity which comes from their ancestor |
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Evidence for Homologous structure |
Forelimbs of mammals have same basic skeletal elements even though they're used for different purposes. Evidence that they share same common ancestor. |
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Adaptive Radiation |
species adapt differently than their ancestors into a different species (species change over time to adapt to environment) ex.finches beaks adapt based on food |
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artificial selection |
2 individuals intentionally reproduce for their offspring to have certain traits (giving indvs better chance to survive) ex.chickens have more meat |
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fossil record |
shows transition from one species to another and origin of features (visual of certain traits) ex.mammal jawline but diff types of teeth |
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species |
a group of organisms that can interbreed and produce fertile offspring |
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ecological isolation |
species mate in different enviornments |
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temporal isolation |
species mate at different times |
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behavioral isolation |
species have different courtship and mating behaviors |
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mechanical isolation |
reproductive parts do not fit together |
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speciation |
speciation is a process by which one or more species arise from previously existing species |
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How speciation occurs |
1.populations are isolated somehow 2. natural selection acts on each population independently 3. after a long time, populations are so different they cannot interbreed |
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Adaption |
inherited characteristics of organisms that enhance their survival and reproduction in specific enviornments |
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importance of variance within species |
tend to survive and reproduce at higher rates other than indvs because of those traits |
