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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Niche
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The specific habitat and way of life of a species
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Habitat
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The part of the environment which is occupied by an organism
eg. Stream, salt marsh, meadowland |
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Abiotic factor
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Any factor contributing to the environment as a result of a non-living organism
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Biotic factor
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Any factor contributing to the environment as a result of a living organism
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Structural adaptation
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An inherited structural feature of an organism that enables it to survive in it's environment
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Physiological adaptation
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A process that the organism carries out that enables it to survive in it's environment
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Behavioural adaptation
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A task that an organism does to enable it to survive in it's environment
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Population
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A group of organisms of one species that interbreed and live in the same place at the same time
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Community
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A group of organisms living in the same geographical area, in close enough proximity that they interact
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Ecosystem
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Involves all living organisms in an area, as well as it's physical environment functioning together as a unit
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Biosphere
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All of the ecosystems of the earth
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Ecological niche
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The functional position of an organism in it's environment
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Inter-specific relationship
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Relationships between different species (such as; predation, exploitation, mutualism)
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Intra-specific relationship
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Relationships between members of the same species (such as competition)
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Symbiosis
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Any long-term, intimate association between two species
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Mutualism
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Species benefit from each other while living in the same area
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Predation
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An interaction between species in which one, the predator, kills and eats another, prey.
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Parasitism
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An animal or plant that lives in/on another (their host), feeding on their host.
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Commensalism
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Where one of the partners benefits without significantly affecting the other
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Competition
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An interaction between individuals og the same species- or two closely related species- that reduces survival, fertility or both
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Exploitation
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A feeding relationship in which one part benefits and the other is harmed
eg. parasitism |
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Keystone species
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Predators that often have a strong influence on community structure, important to maintain diversity as w/o the population of their prey species increases dramatically
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Zonation
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A pattern of species distribution that occurs due to a number of environmental gradients
eg. species in different tide zones (low-high tide life) |
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Stratification
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Vertical layering, where different species are stacked above and below each other. The same occurance as zonation, due to environmental gradients, tolerances and adaptations of species
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Succession
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Gradual change of a community or species over time
eg. recolonisation of land after a severe disturbance |
