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52 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Biology |
The study of living organisms |
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Characteristics of life |
The common features shared by living organisms |
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Continuity of life |
Living things arise from other living things of the same type |
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Metabolism |
The sum of all the chemical reactions in a living organism |
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Life |
Anything demonstrating the characteristics of living things |
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Organization |
The way in which living organisms are arranged structurally e.g. cells, tissues, organs, systems |
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Nutrition |
The way an organism obtains and uses food |
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Excretion |
Removal of waste products of metabolism from the body |
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Response |
Reaction of organisms to stimuli in their environment |
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Reproduction |
The production of new individuals |
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Anabolism |
Reactions that build large molecules from smaller ones, uses energy |
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Catabolism |
Reactions that break down large molecules into smaller ones, releases energy |
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Ecology |
The study of interactions between organisms and their environment |
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Ecosystem |
A community of interactions between organisms and their environment |
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Biosphere |
The part of the Earth that supports life |
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Habitat |
The place where a particular organism lives |
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Abiotic factors |
The non-living factors in an ecosystem |
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Biotic factors |
The living factors in an environment |
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Climatic factors |
Aspects of the weather that influence an ecosystem |
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Edaphic factors |
Factors relating to soil that influence an ecosystem |
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Niche |
The role of an organism in an ecosystem |
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Nutrient recycling |
The way in which elements are exchanged between the living and non-living components of an ecosystem |
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Pollution |
Any harmful addition to the environment due to human activity |
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Conservation |
The wise use of and management of natural resources |
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Competition |
The struggle for resources that are in short supply between organisms |
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Predation |
The catching, killing and eating of another organism |
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Symbiosis |
A relationship between two species in which at least one of the species benefits |
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Parasitism |
A relationship in which one organism (parasite) lives in or on another organism (host) of a different species, causes harm |
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Qualitative survey |
A study to find out the types of organisms that exist in an ecosystem |
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Quantitative survey |
A study to find out the number of organisms that exist in an ecosystem |
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Contest competition |
Physical contest between two organisms in which one gets all resourse |
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Scramble competition |
Competing organisms each get some of the resourse |
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Adaptation |
Any alteration that improve an organisms chances of survival and reproduction |
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Predator |
Organism that catches, kills and eats it's prey |
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Prey |
An organism that is eaten by the predator |
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Trophic level |
Feeding stage in a food chain |
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Denitrification |
Conversion of nitrites to nitrogen gas |
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Nitrification |
Conversion of ammonia to nitrite and then nitrate |
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Nitrogen fixation |
Conversion of nitrogen gas to ammonia, ammonium or nitrate |
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Prokaryotic |
Cells that don't have a nucleus or membrane-bound organelles |
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Eukaryotic |
Cells that have a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles |
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Metabolism |
Sum of all the chemical reactions inside a living organism |
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What are enzymes made of |
Biological catalysts made of folded proteins |
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Enzymes |
Biological catalyst that speeds up or slows down reactions without being used up themselves |
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Enzyme specificity |
Each enzyme will react with only one particular substrate |
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Denatured enzyme |
An enzyme that has lost its shape and no longer functions |
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Photosynthesis |
The process of which certain organisms use light energy to make food |
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Aerobic respiration |
The release of energy from food using oxygen |
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Anaerobic respiration |
The release of energy from food without the use of oxygen |
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Diffusion |
The movement of substances from an area of high concentration to a area of lower concentration, no energy required, passive process |
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Osmosis |
The movement of water molecules across a selectively permeable membrane, from a area of high water concentration to a area of lower water concentration |
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Turgor or Turgor pressure |
The outward pressure of the cytoplasm and vacuole against the cell wall of the plant. This is due to the plant absorbing water |
