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10 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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negative control
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a type of control at the level of DNA transcription initiation in which the frequency of initiation is decreased; repressor proteins mediate negative control
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negative feedback
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a homeostatic control mechanism whereby an increase in some substance or activity inhibits the process leading to the increase; also known as feedback inhibition
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positive control
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a type of control at the level of DNA transcription initiation in which the frequency of initiation is increase; activator proteins mediate positive control
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promotor region
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a DNA sequence that provides a recoginition and attachment site for RNA polymerase to begin the process of gene transcription; it is located upstream from the transcription start site
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repressor
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a protein that regulates DNA transcription by preventing RNA polymerase from attaching to the promoter and transcribing the structural gene
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activator
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class or regulatory, allosteric proteins that can bind to DNA and stimulate the initiation of transcription; enhance the binding of RNA polymerase to the promoter to increase the level of transcription initiation
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operon
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a cluster of adjacent structural genes transcribed as a unit into a single mRNA molecule
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general transcription factor
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any of a group of transcription factors that are required for formation of an initiation complex by RNA polymerase 2 at a promoter; allows a basal level that can be increased by the action of specific factors
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CAP
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a protein that, when bound to cAMP, can bind to DNA and activate transcription; the level of cAMP is inversely related to thelevel of glucose
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enhancer region
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a site of regulatory protein binding on the DNA molecule distant from the promoter and start site for a gene's transcription
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