Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
11 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
What is used in the type of local signaling called paracrine signaling in animals?
|
a local regulator such as a growth factor
|
|
|
A signal molecule that binds to a plasma-membrane protein functions as a
|
Ligand
|
|
|
What is G Protein?
|
A protein on the cytoplasmic side of a membrane that becomes activated by a receptor protein
|
|
|
How do receptor tyrosine kinases transduce a signal?
|
They form a dimer; they phosphorylate each other's tyrosines; specific proteins bind to and are activated by these phosphorylated tyrosines
|
|
|
What can activate a protein by trnaferring a phosphate group to it?
|
protein kinase
|
|
|
What do signal transduction pathways use second messengers for?
|
relay the message from the inside of the membrane throughout the cytoplasm
|
|
|
What is the function of the second messenger IP3?
|
bind to and open ligand-gated calciuk channels on the ER
|
|
|
Signal amplification is most often achieved by
|
an enzyme cascade involving multiple protein kinases
|
|
|
What is Scaffolding Protein
|
large relay protein that may bind with several other relay proteins to increase the efficiency of a signaling pathway
|
|
|
What is adenylyl cyclase
|
enzyme attached to plama membrane that converts ATP to cAMP in response to an extracellular signal
|
|
|
What is G Protein
|
relay protein attached to theinside of plasma membrane that when activated by an activated G-Protein-Linked receptor binds GTP and then usually activates another membrande attached protein
|
