Biology Chapter 1

Front 1

Atom

Back 1

Fundemental building block of all matter.

Front 2

Biology

Back 2

The scientific study of life.

Front 3

Biosphere

Back 3

All regions of Earth where organisms live.

Front 4

Cell

Back 4

Smallest unit of life.

Front 5

Communityn

Back 5

All populations of all species in a given area.

Front 6

Ecosystem

Back 6

A community interacting with it's environment.

Front 7

Emergent property

Back 7

A characteristic of a system that does not appear in any of the system's component parts.

Front 8

Molecule

Back 8

An association of two or more atoms.

Front 9

Organ

Back 9

In multicelled organisms, a grouping of tissues engaged in a collective task.

Front 10

Organism

Back 10

Individual that consists of one or more cells.

Front 11

Organ system

Back 11

In multicelled organisms, set of organs engaged in a collective task that keeps the body functioning properly.

Front 12

Population

Back 12

Group of interbreeding individuals of the same species that live in a given area.

Front 13

Tissue

Back 13

In multicelled organisms, specialized cells organized in a pattern that allows them to perform a collective function.

Front 14

Consumer

Back 14

Organism that gets energy and nutrients by feeding on tissues, wastes, or remains of other organisms.

Front 15

Development

Back 15

Multistep process by which the first cell of a new multicelled organism gives rise to an adult.

Front 16

DNA

Back 16

Deoxyribonucleic adic; carries hereditary information that guide's development and other activities.

Front 17

Growth

Back 17

In multicelled species, an increase in the number, size, and volume of cells.

Front 18

Homeostasis

Back 18

Process in which an organism

keeps its internal conditions within tolerable ranges by sensing and responding to change.

Front 19

Inheritance

Back 19

Transmission of DNA to offspring.

Front 20

Nutrient

Back 20

Substance that an organism needs for growth and survival but cannot make for itself.

Front 21

Photosynthesis

Back 21

Process by which producers use light energy to make sugars from carbon dioxide and water.

Front 22

Producer

Back 22

Organism that makes its own food using energy and nonbiological raw materials from the environment.

Front 23

Reproduction

Back 23

Process by which parents produce offspring.

Front 24

Animal

Back 24

Multicelled consumer that develops through a series of stages and moves about during part or all of its life.

Front 25

Archea

Back 25

Group of single-celled organisms that lack a nucleus but are more closely related to eukaryotes than to bacteria.

Front 26

Bacteria

Back 26

The most diverse and well-known group of single-celled organisms that lack a nucleus.

Front 27

Biodiversity

Back 27

Scope of variation among living organisms.

Front 28

Eukaryote

Back 28

Organism whose cells characteristically have a nucleus.

Front 29

Fungus

Back 29

Single-celled or multicelled eukaryotic consumer that breaks down material outside itself, then absorbs nutrients released from the breakdown.

Front 30

Nucleus

Back 30

Sac that encloses a cell's DNA; has two membranes.

Front 31

Plant

Back 31

A multicelled, typically photosynthetic producer.

Front 32

Prokaryote

Back 32

Single-celled organism without a nucleus.

Front 33

Protist

Back 33

Member of a diverse group of simple eukaryotes.

Front 34

Genus

Back 34

A group of species that share a unique set of traits.

Front 35

Species

Back 35

Unique type of organism.

Front 36

Specific epithet

Back 36

Second part of a species name.

Front 37

Taxon

Back 37

Group of organisms that share a unique set of traits.

Front 38

Taxonomy

Back 38

The science of naming and classifying species.

Front 39

Trait

Back 39

An observable characteristic of an organism or species.

Front 40

Control group

Back 40

Group of individuals identical to an experimental group except for the independent variable under investigation.

Front 41

Critical thinking

Back 41

Judging information before accepting it.

Front 42

Data

Back 42

Experimental results.

Front 43

Deductive reasoning

Back 43

Using a general idea to make a conclusion about a specific case.

Front 44

Dependent variable

Back 44

In an experiment, a variable that is presumably affected by an independent variable being tested.

Front 45

Experiment

Back 45

A test designed to support or falsify a prediction.

Front 46

Experimental group

Back 46

In an experiment, a group of individuals who have a certain characteristics or receive a certain treatment.

Front 47

Hypothesis

Back 47

Testable explanation of a natural phenomenon.

Front 48

Independent variable

Back 48

Variable that is controlled by an experimenter in order to explore its relationship to a dependent variable.

Front 49

Inductive reasoning

Back 49

Drawing a conclusion based on observation.

Front 50

Model

Back 50

Analogous system used for testing hypotheses.

Front 51

Prediction

Back 51

Statement, based on a hypothesis, about a condition that should exist if the hyothesis is correct.

Front 52

Science

Back 52

Systematic study of the observable world.

Front 53

Scientific method

Back 53

Making, testing, and evaluating hypotheses.

Front 54

Variable

Back 54

In an experiment, a characteristic or event that differs among individuals or over time.

Front 55

Probability

Back 55

The chance that a particular outcome of an event will occur; depends in the total number of outcomes possible.

Front 56

Sampling error

Back 56

Difference between results derived from testing an entire group of events or individuals, and results derived from testing a subset of the group.

Front 57

Statistically significant

Back 57

Refers to a result that is statistically unlikely to have occurred by chance.

Front 58

Law of nature

Back 58

Generalization that describes a consistent natural phenomenon for which there is incomplete scientific explanation.

Front 59

Scientific theory

Back 59

Hypothesis that has not been disproved after many years of rigorous testing.